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STRUCTURAL AND FLEXIBLE. "Nature's favorite building block: Deciphering folding and capsid assembly of proteins with the HK97-fold. For many (if not all) bacterial and archaeal tailed viruses and eukaryotic Herpesvirdae the HK97-fold serves as the major architectural element in icosahedral capsid formation while still enabling the conformational flexibility required during assembly and maturation." https://lnkd.in/dBCqqe2 View in LinkedIn

MOST COMMON BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE. "A protein fold that may be the most abundant biological structure on Earth. Surprisingly, the majority (67%) of the metaproteomic spectra were derived from just five environmentally dominant PCs. With a combination of sequence- and structural modeling-based annotation, these PCs are now predominantly identified as putative capsid proteins of tailed viruses containing the most abundant biological structure on Earth, the HK97-like protein fold." (PC = protein cluster). https://lnkd.in/dNAibqS View in LinkedIn

MOST COMMON FOLD ON PLANET. "Most proteins fold like this. By the sheer number of viruses that exist, people estimate this to be the most common fold of a protein on earth. It’s known as the HK97 fold. Viruses with the HK97 fold infect hosts throughout all kingdoms of life, suggesting it’s been around for billions of years." https://lnkd.in/d6j6P8g View in LinkedIn

STRUCTURAL COMMONALITY. "Structural comparison of the major subunits of viral capsids suggests common origins for viruses that infect hosts from different domains of life. One such viral structure-based lineage is the HK97-like group." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682215001920 View in LinkedIn

LIMITED VIRAL LINEAGES. "Viruses have a crucial role in controlling the evolution of cellular organisms owing to their high abundance and genetic diversity. However, cryoelectron microscopic and crystallographic studies have revealed that this genetic diversity may be reduced to a limited number of structure-based viral lineages." https://lnkd.in/dmGjENv View in LinkedIn

VIRAL PARASITES. "Every organism is constantly under the attack of viral infections because viruses outnumber cellular organisms by at least an order of magnitude. It has been estimated that viruses kill approximately one fifth of the marine biomass on a daily basis. Furthermore, viruses are the leading cause of infectious diseases." But the vast majority of viruses are benign. https://lnkd.in/dmGjENv View in LinkedIn

Johnson & Johnson ordered to pay $417 million in talcum powder case. Shame on the Family company. View in LinkedIn

"A MIND-BLOWING DIVERSITY of sex-determining mechanisms exists among eukaryotes." https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn

REPRODUCTION in nature is extremely varied. It is a misconception to simply think that animals evolve sexual reproduction while some plants and microbes predominantly or only use vegetative reproduction. Sex is the universal way that organisms achieve new genetic diversity in the next generation. That is its biological function. View in LinkedIn

IN LIGHT OF the deviations from Mendel's laws, and the considerable complexity of inheritable patterns and mechanisms throughout nature, it seems only fit that these be included in the Modern Synthesis, revising our old Darwinian -- and Mendelian -- views about evolution and the central dogmas of Molecular Biology. As yet, this synthesis has not been completed. View in LinkedIn