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PURE LINE HAPLOID PLANTS. "Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), a well-known and popular leafy vegetable, is consumed worldwide. Its haploid form would provide a good basis for producing a pure line of plants (doubled haploids) allowing new varieties to be regenerated." https://lnkd.in/g4mkgn7 View in LinkedIn

ARTIFICIAL HAPLOIDS. "For the artificial production of haploids several methods are known to be useful, such as crosses between distantly related species, pollination with X-rayed pollen, selection of twin seedlings and delayed pollination. However, the tendency to haploid parthenogenesis is controlled by the genetic make-up of a given strain and an application of those methods may be not always successful." https://lnkd.in/gZ6EwgN View in LinkedIn

PLANT ENGINEERING. "Haploidisation is a biotechnological method used to obtain plants with improved traits that are of use to humans." https://lnkd.in/g4mkgn7 View in LinkedIn

CROP HAPLOIDS. "Haploid plants (characterized by gametic number of chromosomes) are both significant and necessary elements in plant improvement programs. They are important in many basic research disciplines, such as biotechnology, genetics, crop evolution and plant breeding. Moreover, haploids are very useful as a base for the production of homozygous plants in that they expedite the breeding process and can lead to an increase in crop yield." https://lnkd.in/g4mkgn7 View in LinkedIn

"GENOME EDITING Using Mammalian Haploid Cells. Haploid cells are useful for studying gene functions because disruption of a single allele can cause loss-of-function phenotypes. Recent success in generating haploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in mice, rats, and monkeys provides a new platform for simple genetic manipulation of the mammalian genome. Use of haploid ESCs enhances the genome-editing potential of the CRISPR/Cas system." http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/10/23604/htm View in LinkedIn

PARTHENOGENIC PLANT EMBRYOS. "Induced Parthenogenesis with an Apomict-Derived Gene. Haploid plants can be recovered from parthenogenetically-derived embryos. This gene has potential utility for haploid induction through parthenogenesis in reduced eggs or apomixis through induction of parthenogenesis in unreduced eggs." https://pag.confex.com/pag/xxiv/webprogram/Paper18705.html View in LinkedIn

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"SEX CHROMOSOMES ensure the stable segregation of sexual phenotypes by preventing the recombination of sex determining genes. Despite continuous efforts, sex determining genes of dioecious plants have not yet been cloned." https://lnkd.in/g2Bsw9g View in LinkedIn

“SEX is a universal feature of eukaryotic organisms, yet tremendous variation in sex determination mechanisms exists even among closely related species, or among individuals within a species." https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn

‘A MIND-BLOWING diversity of sex-determining mechanisms exists among eukaryotes." https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn