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PLANTS. "Most mating-type loci have no such asymmetry, all alleles generally being heterozygous in the diploid parts of the life cycle; in plants with the distylous form of heterostyly, however, one incompatibility type is heterozygous while the other is homozygous, similarly to sex chromosomes." http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800697a.html View in LinkedIn

FACTOID. "In diploid species one sex chromosome (the X or Z) is regularly present in two copies in one sex and undergoes crossing over, whereas the sex-specific chromosome or region is always heterozygous and nonrecombining." http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800697a.html View in LinkedIn

TRANSPOSON ACCUMULATION. "These haploid systems support the conclusion above that lack of recombination is sufficient for gene loss and transposable element accumulation. Plant self-incompatibility loci may be similar, although the sizes of nonrecombining regions, and even their existence, are not yet established." http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800697a.html View in LinkedIn

The eco guide to disposing of litter https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/oct/08/the-eco-guide-to-disposing-of-litter?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this two weekend venture into the important differences between plants and animals. Plants are considerably dissimilar in many ways. Plants are in so many ways more like an alien species than they are like the animal world. Habituation to plants makes us blind to see the considerable differences of these splendidly different creatures who we share the planet with. See our green fellow travelers with fresh eyes enabled by the mind. View in LinkedIn

NUANCED CONTROL. “Epigenetic phenomena reflect alternative gene expression states that are maintained through multiple rounds of mitosis, and sometimes through meiosis. The alternative expression states are not due to mutation or changes in gene sequence and are reversible to varying degrees.” https://lnkd.in/gJYMEr2 View in LinkedIn

NO MASS CELL MIGRATION. “Plant cells do not slide or slip relative to one another. Organogenesis in flowering plants thus results almost entirely from patterned control of the numbers, places, and planes of cell divisions, coupled with regulated and coordinated cellular expansion.” http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867400818681 View in LinkedIn

CELL DEATH. “Plants do not use the standard animal mechanisms of cell migration and migration of sheets of cells, and although plants use programmed cell death in many ways, they do not appear to use it to achieve appropriate cell numbers in developing organs or stem cell populations.” https://lnkd.in/gpVeCM3 View in LinkedIn

GENE ACCUMULATION. "The Y chromosome is thus expected to accumulate genes beneficial for male functions, confining them to males, and male attractiveness genes in guppies are indeed often partially Y-linked. Once such genes have accumulated, there is a selective advantage to suppressing crossing over between them and the sex-determining regions of the proto-sex chromosomes." http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800697a.html View in LinkedIn

IMPORTANT DISTINCTION. “However, there are differences in the roles of hormones in plants and animals. For example, in animals, tissue morphogenesis often occurs through defined and invasive cell migration, whereas plant cells are immobilized due to rigid cell walls and thus have to rely on mobile signals to trigger comparable tissue reprogramming. In general, the synthesis of hormones in plants is not restricted to a particular, specialized tissue. Moreover, there is also extensive crosstalk between different hormonal and other signaling pathways that ultimately determine physiological outcomes.” http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009286740900258X View in LinkedIn