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FINE LEVEL COMPETITION OF THE FITTEST. "When a diploid individual reproduces sexually, the two alleles at heterozygous loci are necessarily in competition because reproduction by one allele must be at the expense of the other. Such competition is an inescapable component of the organismal level of evolution that was originally advanced by Darwin and later integrated with the field of genetics during the modern synthesis of the early 20th century." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/7/3/a017608.full View in LinkedIn

SEPARATE SEXES. "Ten percent or so of plant species have evolved floral unisexuality as spatial separation of their flowers. This can be manifested as monoecy, where the male and female organs are carried on separate flowers on the same plant, or dioecy, where male and female flowers are carried on separate male (staminate) or female (pistillate) individuals." https://lnkd.in/gb3zS32 View in LinkedIn

MOVE OVER STANLEY GIBBONS. "We identify species with undifferentiated sex chromosomes, others in which a different chromosome replaced the dot as a sex chromosome or in which up to three chromosomal elements became incorporated into the sex chromosomes, and others yet with female heterogamety (ZW sex chromosomes)." https://lnkd.in/dX2rADH View in LinkedIn

HERMAPHRODITE PLANTS. "The great majority of flowering plants (around 90%) produce flowers which are `perfect'; these hermaphroditic flowers are both staminate (with stamens) and pistillate (with one or more carpels)." https://lnkd.in/gb3zS32 View in LinkedIn

ACCUMULATION OF REPETITIVE DNA. "The Y or W sex chromosomes often accumulate various repetitive DNA as has been proven for humans, drosophila, fish, and reptiles." https://lnkd.in/gdTbmHn View in LinkedIn

REPETITIVE DNA. "The chromosomal localization of repetitive DNA was previously thought to be only a result of selection, but recent findings show that other factors such as targeting of TEs into specific chromosomal niches are also important." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/gdTbmHn View in LinkedIn

JUMPING GENES. "Even closely related species often significantly differ in composition of their transposable elements or satellites." https://lnkd.in/gdTbmHn View in LinkedIn

"REPETITIVE DNA forms a significant proportion of eukaryotic genomes. This is particularly evident in plants, which have faster genome dynamics than animals." https://lnkd.in/gdTbmHn View in LinkedIn

DRIVER AND RESPONDER REQUIRED. "Zygotic drive of the autosomes has been observed in a wide diversity of model organisms (e.g., worms, beetles, and mice). In general, an autosomal zygotic driver must have both a driver allele at one locus and a protective allele at a responder locus." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/7/3/a017608.full View in LinkedIn