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CONTEXTUAL EVOLUTION. “Individual microorganisms evolve in the context of a community. In many ways, the evolution of a microorganism is influenced by selection pressures exerted by other microorganisms in the community. Mutation and gene flow are responsible for the creation of new genetic variants within populations.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

“ANTAGONISTIC EFFECTS have also been evidenced in the mosquito midgut between the bacteria Enterobacter sp. and the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, leading to reduced malaria transmission by mosquitoes.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

A DYNAMIC WEB. “Microorganisms cooperate, compete with, or even prey upon each other to better exploit resources. As with macroorganisms, competition for nutrients and space plays an important role in shaping microbial interactions.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE continues from last weekend on the theme of the pathobiome, and the change in thinking about diseases caused by microorganisms. It represents the confluence of modern biology with medicine, and how our concepts of organismal ecology have broader implications. Nature, it appears, is much more about interrelated connectedness than we ever thought before, including how we think about disease. View in LinkedIn

MALEABLE RELATIONSHIPS. “Strong environmental pressures can also shape pathobiomes, and turn otherwise pathological interactions into mutualistic relationships.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

BIOLOGICAL TABOO. "In terms of the driving force, it is tempting to consider dioecy as simply the most extreme mechanism which avoids the deleterious effects of inbreeding." https://lnkd.in/gb3zS32 View in LinkedIn

GLOBALIZATION AND CROSSING. “The current predominantly poultry-associated clones have most probably emerged after a human-to-poultry host jump, estimated to have occurred ~50 years ago, and which rapidly disseminated worldwide thanks to the globalization of the poultry industry.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

BARRIER TO SELF-POLLINATION. "Dioecy prevents intra-individual self-pollination absolutely, while monoecy merely prevents intra-flower self-pollination but not intra-individual self-pollination." https://lnkd.in/gb3zS32 View in LinkedIn

CROSSING EXAMPLE. “S. aureus transmission from human to bovine hosts was thought to have occurred ~5500 years ago, during the Neolithic revolution and the expansion of agriculture throughout the Old World.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

"DIOECIOUS PLANTS have male (staminate) flowers on one plant, and female (pistillate) flowers on another plant. Some of these plants are polygamo-dioecious, with some male flowers on female plants and some female flowers on male plants." https://lnkd.in/g9GqmRH View in LinkedIn