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PUTTING HUMPTY BACK TOGETHER AGAIN. “Neuroscience, physiology, and ecology all converged independently on the idea that it was as important to study and model the system of parts and their interactions as to fully analyze the individual parts alone.” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

FAILINGS OF REDUCTIONISM. “Several subfields of biology have discovered independently that detailed studies of the structure and function of individual parts in detail did not give them a good understanding of the emergent properties of the interactions of many parts within a whole system.” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

COMMON THREADS. “Running counter to this natural balkanization are the handful of organizing principles that span across all of biology such as natural selection and the central dogma of molecular biology. Why would anyone look for an alternative to reductionist biology after one hundred fifty years of unrelenting success?” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

The urban farms greening Paris https://www.cnn.com/style/article/urban-farms-in-paris/index.html View in LinkedIn

COMMON THREADS. “Running counter to this natural balkanization are the handful of organizing principles that span across all of biology such as natural selection and the central dogma of molecular biology. Why would anyone look for an alternative to reductionist biology after one hundred fifty years of unrelenting success?” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

CONSEQUENCES OF INFORMATION OVERLOAD. “Whether intended or not, this specialization usually involves reducing the scope of the problem to focus research and ease the burden of tracking too many variables and concepts. This reductionist approach is widespread to all sciences and no biologist or other biomedical scientist can claim deep knowledge of the state-of-the-art in more than a few of the hundreds subfields of biology.” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

TOWERS OF BABEL. “As biologists have methodically surveyed the characteristics of living systems at the multiple scales of molecular, cellular, organismal, and ecological organization, seminal discoveries and technical advances have spawned entirely new fields of research that quickly develop their own themes, vocabularies, and research culture.” https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-0509-8-S2-S1 View in LinkedIn

SILO SCIENCE. “The modern history of biological and medical sciences can be summarized in three words: ever-increasing specialization.” https://lnkd.in/ewVanRj View in LinkedIn

“A SELF-ORGANIZATION PROCESS may be considered to involve three main stages: (i) molecular recognition for the selective binding of the basic components; (ii) growth through sequential and eventually hierarchical binding of multiple components in the correct relative disposition; it may present cooperativity and nonlinear behavior; and (iii) termination of the process, requiring a built-in feature, a stop signal, that specifies the end point and signifies that the process has reached completion.” https://lnkd.in/dN969hA View in LinkedIn

STUDY DIVERSITY. “From an evolutionary viewpoint, flies are highly modified crustaceans, so why not study a ‘real’ crustacean to start with? If insects are preferred, there are water striders, cockroaches and midges that can tell us more about this incredibly diverse group. Insects make up at least 90% of all the species of animals on earth.” http://extavourlab.com/pdfs/papers/2016_Extavour_CurrOpGenetDev.pdf View in LinkedIn