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SELF MODULES. "Self-recognition modules presumably existed in the protoeukaryotic gene pool that, with evolutionary tinkering, allowed like-like haploid cell adherence to trigger intracellular signals that elicited the conditions for cell–cell fusion." https://lnkd.in/ebVhXPf View in LinkedIn

BLACK BOX. "The stages in the domestication of a proteobacterium into a mitochondrion, a seminal achievement of the protoeukaryote, are not known." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

HYPOTHESIS. "It is appealing to posit that the combinatorial-control “idea,” originally governing the differentiation of diploid zygotic spores, was co-opted to govern the differentiation of multicellular diploids." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

"HOMEOPROTEIN (HP) transcription factors are the products of a family of developmental genes with multiple functions, including the definition of body axis, lineage decision and cell/growth cone migration and guidance. They are characterized by their highly conserved 60 amino acid-long DNA-binding domain, the homeodomain (HD)." https://lnkd.in/dchynSE View in LinkedIn

"AN EXPLOSIVE EXPANSION of homeoprotein-encoding genes has accompanied the evolution of multicellularity in animals and land plants, with homeoprotein-based combinatorial control exerted over core domains of the body plan: PBC/MEIS + HOX proteins specify the anterior–posterior axis of animals, and KNOX + BELL proteins specify the initiation of the moss sporophyte program and regulate the architecture of shoot apical meristems." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

HIBERNATION MODE. "Hence the programs that govern haploid spore formation are expected to include “spore-specific” genes that are not expressed in cycling cells and are activated at the time that the circumstances dictate the importance of shifting to a resting state." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

SPORULATION PERIODS. "They also impose modulation of gene expression to a minimalist “maintenance” mode and the accumulation of polysaccharide and lipid storage products for use during germination and the resumption of mitosis when conditions improve." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

"SPORULATION PROGRAMS typically entail the assembly of a novel cell wall that preserves viability in the face of noxious environmental circumstances such as high temperature, freezing, desiccation, predation, and exposure to ionizing radiation." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn

HAPLOID SPORES. "It is plausible to propose that the protoeukaryote possessed a genetic program for haploid spore differentiation that was independent of any sexual process." https://lnkd.in/ebVhXPf View in LinkedIn

SPORE FORMATION. "At some point during the evolution of protoeukaryotes, there evolved an additional and far more immediate and tangible benefit to transitions from the haploid to the diploid state, namely, restricting the formation of a resting spore to diploid cells, a capability that came to be controlled by mating type." http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/3/a016154.full View in LinkedIn