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ANT SWARM INTELLIGENCE. “Ant colonies solve mazes using swarm intelligence. Swarm intelligence allows groups of organisms to solve problems that exceed the cognitive capabilities of individuals. Consider the case of an ant colony solving a maze. Many ants begin to walk the maze at random, depositing a trail of volatile pheromones behind them. The ant traffic which happens to flow along the shortest path of the maze can make more return trips (and hence lay more pheromone).” https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/40/6/798/2400841 View in LinkedIn

SWARM INTELLIGENCE. “The study of collective behaviour aims to understand how individual-level behaviours can lead to complex group-level patterns. Collective behaviour has primarily been studied in animal groups such as colonies of insects, flocks of birds and schools of fish.” https://lnkd.in/gXKQQtM View in LinkedIn

COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR. “Collective behaviour is apparent at all levels of biological organisation; bacteria act together to form rafts, plague-locusts march cohesively in bands, tiny termites build immense, sophisticated structures, swarms of honeybees ‘vote’ democratically for the location of their new home, and flocks of starlings collectively sense the direction of a predator's attack by compression waves propagating through the group.” https://lnkd.in/gxSdyJh View in LinkedIn

TWO KINGDOM MYOPIA: PLANTS VS ANIMALS. The new five kingdom system of classification overcomes some previous problems. https://lnkd.in/gYETt8v View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE contemplates swarm behavior, swarm intelligence and individuality versus community living in the humble slime mold. You may find a slime mold in your back garden or in the local woods. But these creatures are far from simple. Without a brain, or with a nervous system, they are capable of remarkably complex data processing: thinking without a nervous system. View in LinkedIn

QUESTION 2. "Why Would Genes that Have a Higher Density of Introns be More Enriched in exonic splice enhancers?" https://lnkd.in/drMDPh6 View in LinkedIn

CHEMICALS AND PULSES. “Cells in close spatial proximity to one another eventually synchronise, resulting in multiple ‘competing’ pulse centres. As some oscillatory centres accumulate more cells by chance, cAMP concentrations in the surrounding areas increase, causing oscillatory centres to pulse at a faster rate, thereby releasing more cAMP into the environment.” https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/40/6/798/2400841 View in LinkedIn

QUESTION 1. "What Could be the Function(s) of exonic splice enhancers in Intronless Genes?" https://lnkd.in/drMDPh6 View in LinkedIn

SWARMING SIGNAL. “Synchronisation of behaviour is a key hallmark of many collective systems. In the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum, starvation causes cells to secrete the signal molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). These behaviours create a positive feedback loop, whereby the secretion of cAMP attracts more amoebae, who themselves react by amplifying the aggregation signal by secreting more cAMP.” https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/40/6/798/2400841 View in LinkedIn

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS. "Our data are thus consistent with some exonic splice enhancers having functions beyond splice promotion." https://lnkd.in/drMDPh6 View in LinkedIn