Category: Uncategorized

GRAVE OR CRADLE. "Simply put, the phenotype represents either the grave of a given genome or its vehicle into the next generation." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

DEATH OF WEAK PHENOTYPES. "Natural selection sanctioned by death is a process of competition between phenotypes whereby genomes allowing for poorly adapted phenotypes do not get transmitted into the next generation, while genomes that allow fitter phenotypes become selected." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

MUTATION AND PHENOTYPE. "Genetic mutation leads to genetic diversification, and hence to phenotypic diversity." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

PHENOTYPE TARGET OF SELECTION. "Natural selection does not act directly on genes, but on the phenotypes they allow the cell that encodes them to achieve." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

SOCIAL REGULATION OF DEATH. ""The emergence of a genetic program allowing a social form of regulation of cell survival and cell death, through a process of 'altruistic' cell suicide, has been considered as one of the solutions that evolution has provided to the specific problem of multicellular bodies and attributed to the selective pressure that applied to the emergence of multicellularity, including a process of kin selection between cells sharing the same genome and condemned to live together." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

QUESTIONS. "The first multicellular animals and plants belonging to the eukaryote terminal crown group are believed to have appeared around 0.7 to more than one billion years ago. Were they the first living beings whose cells were endowed with the capacity to self-destruct? Were effectors of cell suicide already present and operational in the first multicellular animals and plants, or were they selected later from other ancestral signaling pathways? When did the capacity to self-destruct initially appear?" http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

SELF-DESTRUCTION KEY TO EVOLUTION. ""The observation that plant cells share with animal cells the capacity to self-destruct in response to environmental changes and cell signaling has reinforced the idea that programmed cell death may have played an essential role in the development, survival and evolution of most, if not all, multicellular organisms." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY. "As frequently occurs during evolution, however, this striking conservation in both sequences and functional properties has been associated with a great level of diversification." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

FAMILIES OF GENES. "During the last nine years, homologues of genes involved in the regulation of programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans have been identified in sponge, in Hydra vulgaris, in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, in zebrafish, in mice and in humans." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

GENETIC ORIGIN. "The identification of a regulated cell death program inducing an apoptotic phenotype in nine different single-celled eukaryote organisms that belong to four diverging branches of the eukaryote phylogenic tree provides a paradigm for a widespread role for programmed cell death in the control of cell survival, and raises the question of the origin and nature of the genes that may be involved in the execution and regulation of such a process." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn