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APOPTOSIS #3. "The third main function is the elimination of infected cells." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

THE HYPOTHESIS. "The presence of bacteriophages in symbiotic bacteria that obligately reside in eukaryotes may promote eukaryotic DNA transfers to bacteriophages." https://lnkd.in/dYh3-r4 View in LinkedIn

APOPTOSIS #2. "The second purpose is the elimination of damaged cells, which may not be able to perform their function properly, or are potentially dangerous to the organism (for instance, cells with DNA damage which may lead to mutations)." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

TWO DOMAINS. "Therefore, phage WO appears to uniquely contend with the cellular exit, entry and defence mechanisms of two separate domains of life", namely the bacteria Wolbachia and the eukaryotic arthropod host. https://lnkd.in/dG3vir9 View in LinkedIn

APOPTOSIS #1. "The first one is the removal of cells which are no longer necessary, such as cells which played a role during development but are not needed in the adult, or immune cells after the pathogen has been cleared." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

LYTIC PHASE. "Electron microscopy and quantitative analyses indicate that prophages undergo a lytic phase capable of rupturing bacterial and eukaryotic cell membranes, and phage WO occurs in the extracellular matrix of arthropod gonads." https://lnkd.in/dG3vir9 View in LinkedIn

THREE APOPTOTIC PURPOSES. "Apoptosis serves three main purposes in animals." https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

PHAGE STRUCTURAL MODULES. "The prophage WO encode conserved structural modules (for example, head, tail and baseplate)." https://lnkd.in/dG3vir9 View in LinkedIn

“APOPTOSIS is the programmed cell death mechanism that is most widespread in nature.” https://celldeath.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/lopezself_munoz.pdf View in LinkedIn

CENTRAL ROLE OF MITOCHONDRIA. "These later examples...clearly demonstrates the central role of the mitochondria in the highly regulated and complex process of many forms of programmed cell death. The activation of the mitochondrial pathway can also occur following the activation of the extrinsic pathway." Mitochondria were engulfed bacteria early in evolution. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167488910002764 View in LinkedIn