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HIGH PRESSURE COMPARTMENT. "This sophisticated part of mechanics combines features of a flexible joint that can act as a camera aperture with robust architecture that can withstand the strong forces produced by the internal pressure of packed DNA at the beginning of the DNA ejection process (47 ± 6 atm for wild-type SPP1)." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

PNEUMATIC DRAWBRIDGE. "The gatekeeper system opens for viral genome exit at the beginning of infection but recloses afterward, suggesting a molecular diaphragm-like mechanism to control DNA efflux. The mechanisms described here, controlling the essential steps of phage genome movements during virus assembly and infection, are likely to be conserved among long-tailed phages, the largest group of viruses in the Biosphere." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

ACTIVATION OF INFECTIOUS DNA. "Phage tails are responsible for host cell recognition and delivery of the viral genome to the host cytoplasm. At the beginning of viral infection the phage adsorption apparatus, located at the tail end distal from the capsid, binds to the host receptor, generating a signal that triggers opening of the neck. DNA then moves through the tail tube to enter the host cell." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

EXIT CHUTE MECHANISM. "DNA is locked in a capsid by gp16 loops that close the channel by an allosteric mechanism. Gp16 appears to open by a diaphragm-like motion, allowing the genome to exit the capsid through the tail tube to the host cell." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

DEATH STARTED WITH MULTICELLULARITY? "There have been two main reasons that have led to the proposal that programmed cell death emerged with multicellularity. The first pertains to the very nature of multicellular organisms. Cells from multicellular organisms (in contrast to cells from single-celled organisms) are condemned to live together in a given spatial and temporal framework, the body. " http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

LOCKED INTO LAUNCH VESSEL. "Termination of the DNA packaging reaction is coordinated with closure of the portal system to avoid leakage of the viral genome. The outflow of DNA is prevented by conformational changes in the portal protein and binding of head completion proteins building the viral genome gatekeeper." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/22/7009.full View in LinkedIn

TWO BIG ENDOSYMBIOTIC EVENTS. "Two distinct evolutions by bacterial endosymbiosis gave rise to eukaryotic realms. Firstly, proteobacteria developing to the mitochondria of all eukaryotic cells and secondly, cyanobacteria that changed to chloroplasts in plant evolution." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn

HIGH PRESSURE DNA STORAGE UNIT. "The dsDNA bacterial viruses (phages or bacteriophages) and herpes viruses keep their genetic information packed at high pressure inside an icosahedral protein capsid. During virus particle assembly the genome is translocated into a prebuilt procapsid through a specialized portal vertex of the capsid." (dsDNA = double stranded DNA). https://lnkd.in/dw4E_8F View in LinkedIn

ENDOSYMBIOSIS AND DEATH. "Death programs are tightly linked to eukaryotic–bacterial endosymbiont co-evolution." http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcbc245/MCBC245PDFs/Jan31/Huettenbrenner2003.pdf View in LinkedIn

PHAGE BASEPLATES. "The current analysis of the T4 baseplate shows how the energy required for infection can in part be stored in the dome-shaped baseplate; it also shows that assembly of the dome-shaped baseplate requires the presence of a template (the central hub) that traps wedges by selecting wedges when they are briefly in a high-energy conformation." A spaceship from Mars. http://www.pnas.org/content/113/10/2654.full View in LinkedIn