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DRUNKARD'S WALK. "Gould argued that the average complexity of life forms has barely increased over the course of the history of life, even as the upper bound of complexity was being pushed upwards, perhaps for purely stochastic reasons, under a “drunkard's walk” model of evolution." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

KEY CAVEAT. "A cell suicide program will become counterselected unless it is regulated in such a way that the sacrifice of some individuals in a unicellular colony will benefit (or at least will not prevent) the survival of other members of the colony." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

EPISODIC AMPLIFICATION. "Quantitatively, the evolution of genomes appears to be dominated by reduction and simplification, punctuated by episodes of complexification." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

0 https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2018/10/fruit-carving-by-takehiro-kishimoto/ View in LinkedIn

TWO PHASES OF EVOLUTION. "These and many other cases of reductive evolution are consistent with a general model composed of two distinct evolutionary phases: the short, explosive, innovation phase that leads to an abrupt increase in genome complexity, followed by a much longer reductive phase, which encompasses either a neutral ratchet of genetic material loss or adaptive genome streamlining." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

UNHOLY ALLIANCE. "It is interesting to think that the genetic modules that are now involved in the regulation of what we call 'altruistic' regulated programmed cell death may have initially emerged and become selected as 'selfish genetic modules', for the sole reason that encoding an executioner and an inhibitor of the executioner just made them good at propagating themselves." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

GENOMIC STREAMLINING. "Genomic researchers have proposed that natural selection may favor small genomes—weeding out superfluous material—through a process called “genomic streamlining. Streamlining makes inherent sense because a small genome should aid metabolic efficiency, because genome size is correlated with cell size." http://scholar.google.es/scholar?q=selective+pressures+for+genomic+simplicity&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi8_67jh8zPAhXBbRQKHa6-BbEQgQMICDAA View in LinkedIn

UNDER THE RADAR. "Natural selection can favor the propagation of given genes for the sole reason that they are successful at propagating themselves, while being of no advantage, or sometimes while even being detrimental, to the fitness of the organisms that carry them. Such genes have been called 'selfish genes." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

MASSIVE GENE LOSS. "Two notable examples are the reconstruction of the complex archaeal ancestor and the intron-rich ancestor of eukaryotes. In both cases, evolution in most of the lineages was apparently dominated by extensive loss of genes and introns, respectively." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

INFREQUENT EXAMPLES. "As logical as genomic streamlining might be, few examples have so far been found. Instead, a bevy of articles from the last 10 years show that three separate lines of evidence argue against widespread streamlining in prokaryotes." https://lnkd.in/d3Ys7Am View in LinkedIn