linkedin post 2018-11-04 05:11:40

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JUMPING GENE SPREAD. “TEs are found in nearly all organisms and frequently constitute the major portion of the genome. They can be transmitted from one host to another in two ways: through vertical inheritance from parent to offspring, or through horizontal transfer (HT) between non-mating organisms.” (TE = transposable elements, jumping genes). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959437X17301685 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-06 04:40:42

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THE MANTRA. “Biology's First Law: The Tendency for Diversity and Complexity to Increase in Evolutionary Systems. "In any evolutionary system in which there is variation and heredity, there is, in the absence of constraint, a tendency for diversity and complexity to increase." http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/24573-biology-s-first-law-the-tendency-for-diversity-and-complexity-to-increase-in-evolutionary-systems/ View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-06 04:38:45

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IMPACT OF CONTEXT. “The information in DNA comes from the environments and it has been put into the DNA by selection. Darwinian evolution involving selection of all kinds (natural, sexual, and artificial) is the channel through which the complexity and information of the environment creates and shapes the complexity and information of biological organisms.” https://lnkd.in/euEN3Eh View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-06 04:36:52

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EPIGENETIC INFORMATION. “Adami et al. (2000) identify genomic complexity with the amount of information DNA sequences store about their environments. I want to emphasize that not only is the information in DNA about the environment, but that the information in DNA came from the environment.” https://lnkd.in/euEN3Eh View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-05 05:23:25

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CONTEXTUAL. “One cannot isolate the complexity of biological organisms from the complexity of their environment. Whether the inhabitants of newly available niches will become simpler or more complex depends on the complexity and simplicity of those new niches. Random walks that elevate complexity are driven by the complexity of the environment being walked in.” https://lnkd.in/euEN3Eh View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-07 04:50:58

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SIX GIGAS OF INFORMATION. "Human DNA genome encodes 4^(3 billion) = 2^(6 billion) choices, or 6 billion bits of information. The epigenome encodes at least 2^22,500 choices, or 22,500 bits. The total information is 6,000,022,500 bits, or approximately 6 Gb (gigabits)." http://www.decodedscience.org/comparing-genetic-code-dna-binary-code/55476 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-07 04:48:21

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"HUMAN DNA has approximately 3 billion base pairs, according to the National Human Genome Research Institute. That means 4^3,000,000,000 possible base sequences. For simplicity, let’s say that each gene is either suppressed, or not, in the epigenome. That would be a binary choice for each gene. Most humans have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. Let’s say the average is about 2^22,500 more choices." http://www.decodedscience.org/comparing-genetic-code-dna-binary-code/55476 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-11-07 04:46:48

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"INFORMATION IS THE CURRENCY OF LIFE. “Life should not be thought of as a chemical event. Instead, it should be thought of as information...by reimagining living things as self-perpetuating information strings." (Physicist Christoph Adami). https://www.quantamagazine.org/20151119-life-is-information-adami/ View in LinkedIn
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