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MESSY. "The standard evolutionary picture tells us that evolution is messy, incomplete and inefficient." https://lnkd.in/dycehf5 View in LinkedIn

INFLUENCE OF THE DESIGNER. "The ability of most artificial evolutionary systems is primarily limited by the interpreter that defines the man-made elementary functions. For example, the ability of genetic programming is determined by a set of terminal functions prepared by the designer." https://lnkd.in/d-nkQc4 View in LinkedIn

VIRTUAL evolution is imprecise. "The solutions were a mess! Evolution went the long way around. Or it burrowed through the problem by some circuitous loophole of logic. Evolution was chock-full of redundancy. It was inelegant." https://lnkd.in/d3G_hCh View in LinkedIn

MAN'S IMAGINATION may arguably be the greatest asset of the human species, but it is infinitely dwarfed by the raw creativity of nature's boundless forms. Even undirected random mutation devices can construct the unimaginable. View in LinkedIn

AMINO ACID SKEW. "A similar pattern can be seen among amino acids on Earth. Wherever life is at work, the amino acids favored by biological organisms appear in much higher concentrations than they do in the absence of life." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

SIM'S MENAGERIE. "A population of several hundred creatures is created within a supercomputer, and each creature is tested for their ability to perform a given task, such the ability to swim in a simulated water environment. The successful survive, and their virtual genes containing coded instructions for their growth, are copied, combined, and mutated to make offspring for a new population. The new creatures are again tested, and some may be improvements on their parents. As this cycle of variation and selection continues, creatures with more and more successful behaviors can emerge." https://lnkd.in/dfYmYWR View in LinkedIn

SKEW FROM RANDOM. "Digital organisms that have evolved through many generations display a curious pattern of instructions. "Some instructions are used much more often and some other instructions are used much, much, much less than their random occurrence." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

KARL SIMS, a digital media artist, computer graphics scientist, and entrepreneur (GenArts, special effects software); he worked at: Thinking Machines Corp, Optomystic, and Whitney/Demos Productions. Education: MIT Media Lab, and MIT undergraduate degree (life sciences). Awards included ARS Electronica Golden Nincas and McArthur "Genius Grant". http://www.karlsims.com/ View in LinkedIn

IMAGINING THE UNIMAGINABLE. "Adami believes that his research may also prove useful in the search for extraterrestrial life. One of the difficult questions that astrobiologists struggle with is how they will be able to recognize the biosignature of life forms on other worlds that may have a different chemical foundation than life on Earth." https://lnkd.in/d4b3fY4 View in LinkedIn

"AVIDA is an auto-adaptive genetic system designed primarily for use as a platform in Digital or Artificial Life research. The Avida system is based on concepts similar to those employed by the tierra program developed by Tom Ray. In lay terms, Avida is a digital world in which simple computer programs mutate and evolve. " https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn