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ARTIFICIAL CHEMISTRY. "This paper gives details of Squirm3, a new artificial environment based on a simple physics and chemistry that supports self-replicating molecules somewhat similar to DNA. These self-replicators emerge spontaneously from a random soup given the right conditions. Interactions between the replicators can result in mutated versions that can out-perform their parents." https://lnkd.in/dXZQRVS View in LinkedIn

DRY CHEMISTRY. "Simulating tens of thousands of atoms for days to weeks on a commodity cluster will produce a number of nanoseconds of real-time equivalent chemistry." https://lnkd.in/d7dZrnq View in LinkedIn

ARTIFICIAL CHEMISTRIES, a valuable overview for those interested. https://lnkd.in/dMJQS4i View in LinkedIn

IN SILICO CHEMISTRY. "The richness of biological life has never been replicated in our artificial models of evolution.' He gave four rather abstract requirements for systems to display open-ended evolution, where entities of increasing complexity and diversity are produced without limit.” https://lnkd.in/dXZQRVS View in LinkedIn

RARE EVENTS. "Occasionally a mutant causes a “cascade” of new molecules by triggering a sequence of new unseen molecules that quickly dominate the population." https://lnkd.in/dryBAUG View in LinkedIn

"EARLY-EARTH molecular systems are of interest due to their relatively simple replication mechanisms, gene multiplicity, and the blurring of the genotype-phenotype boundary." https://lnkd.in/dryBAUG View in LinkedIn

"SUB-POPULATIONS. These are species which persist in the community in fairly large numbers. These sub-populations are nearly always wiped out when a new epoch begins, demonstrating the biological phenomenon of selective sweeps." https://lnkd.in/dryBAUG View in LinkedIn

HYPOTHESIS. "Collectively, our results provide a more plausible abiotic explanation for the unusual properties of purported nanobacteria." https://lnkd.in/dvNtRzz View in LinkedIn

MOLECULAR EXTINCTION. "All trials end when no molecules exist in the system. This occurs when there is a catastrophic decline in replicating molecules. The common cause of this is when a new ‘parasitic’ molecule arises that is 1) incapable of replicating itself, and 2) copied by the incumbent replicase at a higher rate than the replicase." https://lnkd.in/dryBAUG View in LinkedIn

PRIONS ALSO WITHSTAND RADIATION. "The scrapie agent had been found to be extremely resistant to inactivation by UV and ionizing radiation, as was later shown for the CJD agent." https://lnkd.in/dbGy5FS View in LinkedIn