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TREE THINKING DEBATE. "The concept of ‘lateral genomics’...posits that the dominant process in microbial evolution is gene exchange between organisms rather than vertical descent along a tree. In its extreme form, lateral genomics denies the relevance of tree-like evolution and “tree thinking” in biology altogether." https://lnkd.in/dSemZpD View in LinkedIn

ENZYMATIC FITNESS. "As the network grows, gain of a single enzyme is increasingly likely to provide access to a new nutrient leading to increased fitness." https://lnkd.in/dSemZpD View in LinkedIn

CURIOUS PARADOX. "Similar analyses appear to indicate that, in addition to donating hundreds of genes to the emerging eukaryotic lineage, mitochondrial endosymbiosis severely curtailed HGT." (HGT = horizontal gene transfer). https://lnkd.in/dSemZpD View in LinkedIn

METABOLIC INNOVATION. "Escape from Muller’s ratchet can be considered the most fundamental benefit of HGT in microbial evolution but it certainly is not the only one. Acquisition of new genes and whole operons appears to be the principal route of metabolic network expansion in microbes." (HGT = horizontal gene transfer). https://lnkd.in/dSemZpD View in LinkedIn

MAJOR TRANSITIONS. "Recent phylogenomic analyses suggest that episodes of massive HGT were pivotal for the emergence of major groups of organisms such as multiple archaeal phyla as well as eukaryotes." (HGT = horizontal gene transfer). https://lnkd.in/dSemZpD View in LinkedIn

ROBOTC SYSTEM. "We describe a physically implemented robotic system that applies techniques from artificial intelligence to carry out cycles of scientific experimentation. The system automatically originates hypotheses to explain observations, devises experiments to test these hypotheses, physically runs the experiments using a laboratory robot, interprets the results to falsify hypotheses inconsistent with the data, and then repeats the cycle." https://lnkd.in/d_c-WZa View in LinkedIn

ROBOT ADAM “is capable of: hypothesizing to explain observations; devising experiments to test these hypotheses; physically running the experiments using laboratory robotics; interpreting the results from the experiments; repeating the cycle as required." https://lnkd.in/dB_3QTR View in LinkedIn

ROBOT SCIENTIST ADAM. "The basis of science is the hypothetico-deductive method and the recording of experiments in sufficient detail to enable reproducibility. We report the development of Robot Scientist “Adam,” which advances the automation of both. Adam has autonomously generated functional genomics hypotheses about the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and experimentally tested these hypotheses by using laboratory automation." (Ross King). https://lnkd.in/dJJ9HmD View in LinkedIn

MACHINE SCIENTIST. "Robot scientist makes discoveries without human help. A robot scientist that can generate its own hypotheses and run experiments to test them has made its first real scientific discoveries." https://lnkd.in/dzvEQGa View in LinkedIn

FIRST ROBOT SCIENTIST (2009). “Eve's artificial intelligence] reduces the costs, uncertainty, and time involved in drug screening, and has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people worldwide.” https://lnkd.in/dVQ3bPb View in LinkedIn