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THE SALTATION. “Colton notes that it's "painfully difficult" to get it to accomplish even the most unintelligent of intelligent tasks. And he thinks the idea of a singularity – some sudden moment where AI goes from dumb to hyper-intelligent – is misguided.” https://lnkd.in/dCiCf4U View in LinkedIn

AI IS A BIOLOGICAL QUESTION. Our fears about AI rest squarely in its development of autonomy, going from insensate machine to self-determination. This is the core of the evolution of life questions. As I see it, today, the debate about AI seems to involve everyone but biologists. Biologists could give valuable insights, and in turn, learn a great deal from analysis of evolving complexity that is on the threshold of self-assembly, at the cusp of a phase change in emergence. View in LinkedIn

CONFOUNDING. “The prion protein, alone, becomes a pathogen that creates infections. Although it is not absolutely certain that the protein has no help from a virus, current evidence appears to show that it acts alone without any genetic material.” https://lnkd.in/dKV3Xez View in LinkedIn

INEVITABILITY. “The clock is ticking. AI is coming. And we are not ready.” http://intelligenceexplosion.com/en/2012/value-is-complex-and-fragile/ View in LinkedIn

TEMPLATING. “A prion is a protein that can take different shapes and in one particular structure recruits others to change into this form as well. These proteins then clump together into a large mass that disrupts and kills neurons. It is a version of a protein that can perpetuate growth like a crystal.” https://lnkd.in/dKV3Xez View in LinkedIn

OUTCOMES. “If we create a world with AI+ or AI++ systems, what is our place within that world? There seem to be four options: extinction, isolation, inferiority, or integration.” https://lnkd.in/e335knp View in LinkedIn

INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOR. “Viruses and jumping genes, which are virtually just a strand of DNA or RNA, also show complex behavior. Since DNA and RNA are involved in the process of reproduction and creation of new molecules, there is an intuitive understanding how viruses and jumping genes might engage in intelligent behavior. But, can a protein alone engage in intelligent behavior? Is a prion an intelligent protein?” https://lnkd.in/dKV3Xez View in LinkedIn

MUTATIONS. “Inherited cases of CJD and GSS may result from mutations in the PrP gene, which gives rise to changes in the amino acid sequence of the PrP protein. This change would increase the probability of pN transforming into pD, so that the disease would almost certainly occur.” https://lnkd.in/dkdVKcb View in LinkedIn

THE SWITCH. “When the PrP becomes a prion its normal function stops. It is possible that it is this loss of normal function that causes some of the damage in prion diseases, not just the accumulation of the clumped proteins.” https://lnkd.in/dKV3Xez View in LinkedIn

NON-INFECTIOUS NORMAL PROTEIN. “The prion protein is known as PrP before it becomes the pathogen PrPsc. PrP has many different normal important physiological roles. PrP is involved in maintaining myelin formation, development of T cells and is critical in stem cells that make blood cells and M cells of the intestine immune centers. PrP is involved in virus reproduction and modulation of inflammation in the CNS.” https://lnkd.in/dKV3Xez View in LinkedIn