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MALLEABLE FEAR. “We can cause an animal to have fear and then not have fear and then to have fear again by stimulating the nerves at frequencies that strengthen or weaken the synapses.” http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/pressrelease/how_to_erase_a_memory_and_restore_it View in LinkedIn

MALLEABLE MEMORIES. “Roberto Malinow, professor of neurosciences, said: ‘We can form a memory, erase that memory and we can reactivate it, at will, by applying a stimulus that selectively strengthens or weakens synaptic connections.” https://lnkd.in/dubvDXy View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this first of two weekends focused on plant-pollinator interactions. The massive contributions to this field of genetic analyses were not available when Darwin first probed these relationships. And the data continues to pour in today. It is a beautiful case study of where two species, or more, evolve in parallel by co-evolution, the one affecting the other. View in LinkedIn

THE SMALL FROM THE MANY. "Frequently, traits are controlled not by a single or a few genes, but by multiple genes across the genome, each with small effects." https://lnkd.in/dHD-ddW View in LinkedIn

EPIGENETIC FACTORS. "Many traits show continuous phenotypic distributions and environmental interactions, with examples in the shape and size of petals, corolla tubes, stamens and pistils, as well as placement and arrangement of anthers and stamens, nectar volume, and the number of ovules and pollen grains." https://lnkd.in/dHD-ddW View in LinkedIn

DESIGNER MIDS. “We’re likely to gain the ability to improve human memory, to speed the rate at which people can learn things, even to save memories offline and relive them.” https://lnkd.in/eFd9Fdg View in LinkedIn

MEMORY IMPLANTS. "Ultimately, Berger wants to restore the ability to create long-term memories by implanting chips like these in the brain.” https://lnkd.in/dexYqgY View in LinkedIn

ELECTRONIC MEMORY IMPLANT. “This audacious idea is based on silicon chips that mimic the signal processing involved in memory retrieval in the brain. Rat and monkey implants suggest that the chips can process signals like actual neurons and retrieve long-term memories from the hippocampus.” (Theodore Berger). https://lnkd.in/dexYqgY View in LinkedIn

EXPANDED PROSTHESIS. “Over the past few decades, we as a society have become comfortable with medical devices being implanted in various parts of our bodies, such as pacemakers for the heart, artificial hips and prosthetic limbs. But now this idea of prosthetic supplementation has reached the brain.” https://lnkd.in/driwVWw View in LinkedIn