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THINKING MACHINES. "I believe that at the end of the century the use of words and general educated opinion will have altered so much that one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted." (A.M. Turing, 1950). http://www.abelard.org/turpap/turpap.php View in LinkedIn

EIGEN’S CONTRIBUTION. “Manfred Eigen developed a model of how the essential features of life and its inherent complexity can be explained by physical properties of matter.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn

THE IMITATION GAME. "I believe that in about fifty years time it will be possible to programme computers with a storage capacity of about 10(9) to make them play the imitation game so well that an average interrogator will not have more than 70 per cent chance of making the right identification after five minutes of questioning." (A.M. Turing, 1950). http://www.abelard.org/turpap/turpap.php View in LinkedIn

EVEN TODAY, we struggle to be able to describe what we mean by human intelligence (let alone that belonging to other creatures on this planet). On a second level, our understanding of the molecular basis of intelligence, thought, memory is largely limited to colorful brain scans during mentation. View in LinkedIn

CONSCIOUS AI. “Kurzweil, after all, is one of the world's leading advocates of "hard AI," or the development of consciousness in an artificial being. Kurzweil believes this will come about in 2029, to be specific.” https://lnkd.in/d9dvqqC View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this first of two weekends examining a biologically-versed philosopher’s views on evolution. Not only highlighting the importance of horizontal gene transfer enabled by mobile genetic elements, he describes the rationale for genetic information being contextual by analogy with other natural linguistic codes. View in LinkedIn

INNATE WORLD. “Natural code-inherent rules are absent in abiotic matter that is determined strictly by natural laws: no syntax, pragmatic or semantic rules are present if water freezes to ice.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn

ORIGIN OF SEMANTICS. “In all mathematical theories of language the syntax determines semantics (function), but in natural codes pragmatics (context) determines semantics.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn