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ENERGY BALANCE. "Sugar sensing and signaling is an important part of mechanisms orchestrating carbon assimilation, assimilate storage and consumption based on precise sensing and integration of signals on energy balance at different levels. Arabidopsis plants not only tune sugar utilization and growth according to assimilate supply, but they also modulate the deposition of storage carbon (starch) according to “expected” need during the night." http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

COMPETING NEEDS. "One of the most serious tasks of plant life is achieving balance, over a wide range of environmental conditions, between carbon assimilation in source photosynthetic tissues, and consumption of assimilates in sink tissues and organs resulting in growth and carbon storage. The diurnal rhythm of photosynthesis, moreover, results in a need to put aside a part of assimilates during the day to cover the demands of both assimilatory and sink tissues during the night." http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

LONG-TERM MEMORY. "Regulation of the saccharide metabolism may provide additional examples of integrating, storing and accessing information on long-term state of the plants' metabolism, including but not limited to the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus." http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

DORMANCY REGULATION. "We are also catching first glimpses of the complex web of hormonal and gene expression regulatory pathways controlling seed dormancy as well as the intricate interplay of light-dependent signals such as phytochrome modification, circadian rhythms and phytormonones implicated in light-controlled developmental regulation." http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

TARGET GENE. "The “memory of winter” involved in seasonally dependent acquisition of flowering competence (vernalization) has been traced down to complex epigenetic regulation of the gene encoding a specific transcription factor (FLC) in Arabidopsis. Surprisingly, the target genes appear to be different in grasses, albeit the topology of the whole regulatory network may be analogous." http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

WHOLE PLANT MEMORY. "Namely, developmental decisions, such as vernalization, flowering induction, photomorphogenesis or breaking of seed dormancy depend on long-term integration and evaluation of light or temperature inputs, sometimes recorded and recalled after a time far exceeding the normal duration of the plant's life cycle. For example, Stellaria seeds can recall whether they have been imbibed in darkness or in light even after more than a year. Further examples of similar long-term “data collection”.” http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.4.5.8276#abstract View in LinkedIn

SALT TOXICITY. "Specific to marine environments, seagrasses are often exposed to high salt levels and short-term salinity fluctuations in the coastal and estuarine system. Increased levels of sodium (Na+) are known to be toxic, partly due to the fact that both Na+ and potassium (K+) have very similar physicochemical properties." http://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-11-8 View in LinkedIn