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CONJOINED. “The dynamic processes associated with the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes can have significant effects in the near-Earth space environment, in the atmosphere, and on the Earth’s surface.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

HIGHLY COMPLEX STRUCTURES. “While the relativistic electrons themselves interact relatively weakly with the other plasma populations, it seems that resolving their temporal evolution requires detailed knowledge of the dynamics and coupling of as well the cold plasmasphere, hot ring current, tail plasma sheet as the electromagnetic fields guiding the particle motions.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

KNOCK-ON EFFECTS. “The substorm-associated energetic electrons can act as a seed population that, if further energized, can become part of the outer van Allen belt relativistic electron population.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

DRIVEN ELECTRON RIVERS. “The rapid field variations provide a means for pitch-angle scattering as well as inward transport and adiabatic energization of the electrons.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

MAGNIFICENT SCALE. “As these wave modes are key elements for both acceleration and loss of the relativistic electrons, the plasmasphere and its dynamics driven by the large-scale convection electric field play a key role in the relativistic electron problem. Substorms are associated with inductive, localized electric fields, and are effective in transporting both electrons and ions to the inner magnetosphere.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

THE PLASMAPAUSE. “Changes in the large-scale convection electric field change the plasmaspheric configuration thus changing the locations where the plasmaspheric hiss (in the nightside, inside the plasmapause), EMIC waves (in the dusk sector, inside the plasmapause), and whistler mode chorus waves (in the morning sector, outside the plasmapause) occur.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn