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STABILIZERS. “The major conclusion reached from these studies is that the equilibrium between the B form and Z form of poly(dG-dC) is strongly influenced by cations and by the substituents which are attached to the polymer. A number of these substituents profoundly influence the equilibrium between the two forms and favor the Z-DNA conformation.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn

THE STABILITY EXPLANTATION. “Since purine nucleotides can adopt the syn conformation more readily than pyrimidine nucleotides, it is reasonable to believe that the Z conformation will be favored in sequences with alternating purines and pyrimidines.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn

ORIENTATION SWITCH. “One consequence of these differences in conformation is that the bases in Z-DNA have a different orientation relative to the sugar phosphate backbone than they do in B-DNA. In essence, the bases must "flip over" in order to go from one form to the other.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn

HISTORICAL MARKER IN THE SAND. “After the discovery of Z-DNA, oplnlons were mixed as to its relevance to biology. It was clear that Z-DNA could form only under specialized conditions that would stabilize it.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn

GENE REGULATION. “We suggest that the conformation of the DNA may be used by nature in regulating gene expression. Of course, this represents a description of molecular machinery but it does not describe in detail those events which are in control of the Z-DNA forming ability of a particular segment of DNA.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn

TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL. “What we have outlined here is a speculative model of the role of Z-DNA involving the regulation of transcription of genes which are close to the Z site (proximal) or further away from the Z site (distal).” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-009-7052-6.pdf View in LinkedIn