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LOGICAL SUPPOSITION. “If a 3-D system can be fully described by a physical theory operating solely on its 2-D boundary, one would expect the information content of the system not to exceed that of the description on the boundary.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn

FROM 2D TO 3D. “The holographic principle contends that an analogue of this visual magic applies to the full physical description of any system occupying a 3-D region: it proposes that another physical theory defined only on the 2-D boundary of the region completely describes the 3-D physics.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn

EMBEDDED IMAGE. “In the everyday world, a hologram is a special kind of photograph that generates a full three-dimensional image when it is illuminated in the right manner. All the information describing the 3-D scene is encoded into the pattern of light and dark areas on the two-dimensional piece of film, ready to be regenerated.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn

INFLUENCE OF THE CYTOPLASM. “However, while Spiegelman stressed different protein constellations as the end result of differentiation, Waddington saw cytoplasmic differences as also being the cause of differentiation. This view of a reactive genome that could be influenced by the cytoplasm characterized certain embryologists of the 1940s and 1950s, especially he and Paul Weiss.” https://lnkd.in/dQuxg6Y View in LinkedIn

Nature abounds with geometric symmetries, surprising because it is generally non-geometric in form in a traditional Euclidian sense. View in LinkedIn

SUPPORT. “The Beadle and Tatum's studies in Neurospora “showed that an altered genotype creates altered enzymatic properties in the cytoplasm. Enzymes were the link between genotype and phenotype. Genes controlled the production of enzymes; enzymes controlled the phenotype of the cell.” https://lnkd.in/dQuxg6Y View in LinkedIn

EVOLVED CONSCIOUSNESS. “The mathematician David Mumford explicitly acknowledges the requirement for pre-verbal humans and other intelligent animals to use internal languages.” https://lnkd.in/dCNSFyW View in LinkedIn

REDEFINITION. “The evidence that differentiation is caused by the differential expression of batteries of genes from identical genomes came from the study of unicellular organisms. Differentiation is to be seen not in terms of tissue structure but "as the controlled production of unique enzyme patterns." This redefinition, he stated, would focus our attention on "the relationship between the genes in the nucleus and the properties of the cytoplasm." https://lnkd.in/dQuxg6Y View in LinkedIn

THE LEAP. “This surprising result--that information capacity depends on surface area--has a natural explanation if the holographic principle (proposed by t Hooft and elaborated by Susskind) is true.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn

NUCLEAR VS CYTOPLASMIC. “Other biologists, notably Haldane (1932) and Goldschmidt (1939) were also postulating that genes acted at different times during development; but they did not place so much value on the cytoplasmic feedback. This may be a pleasant hypothesis, but there was no evidence in its favor.” https://lnkd.in/dQuxg6Y View in LinkedIn