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NUTRIENT STARVATION. “Complex ecologies also evolve in closed cultures in which the nutrients are exhausted and are not renewed. In these cultures, the viable cell population declines over time, as starvation takes its toll. However, not all genotypes die at the same rate, and the survivors are enriched for growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP) mutants, that exploit by-products of dead and dying cells.” https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg3564 View in LinkedIn

PAELLA. “This dish symbolizes the union and heritage of two importabt cultures, the Roman which gave us the utensil [tge pan] and the Arab which brought us the basic food of humanity for centuries: rice.” (Food historian Lourdes March, page 566) https://lnkd.in/db-rPDKy View in LinkedIn

TANGLED BANK. “In The Origin of Species, Darwin memorably envisioned a “tangled bank” in which organisms were “dependent upon each other in so complex a manner” as an outcome of natural selection. To this point, we have generally ignored ecological interactions beyond 'scramble' competition for limiting resources.” https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg3564 View in LinkedIn

DARWINIZING GAIA. “Attempts to reconcile the Gaia hypothesis with Darwinian theory falter when organisms, species or even multi-species communities are seen as the relevant “units of selection”. If, instead, the biogeochemical cycles and other interaction networks that are implemented by such multi-species communities are taken as units of selection, a coherent theory of maintenance (if not also origins) can be articulated.” (Professor W. Ford Doolittle). https://lnkd.in/dVhTMKFm View in LinkedIn

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE. “As fitness landscapes are complex and may have multiple peaks, some mutational paths may lead to 'dead ends' with no, or at least fewer, opportunities to further improve. In other cases, certain mutations may open up new opportunities for evolution that could not be accessed if other routes were taken.” https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg3564 View in LinkedIn

CLEAR SEPARATION. “The process is self-limiting, and no primordial matter survives on the (-) side or primordial antimatter on the (+) side.” https://lnkd.in/gDaxUYAS View in LinkedIn

THE OTHER RESIDUAL. “The same quantities of antimatter derive from the same mechanism on the (-) side. All the antimatter or matter created far from the origin on either side was annihilated. Therefore one would expect only a very small ratio of baryons to gauge bosons on the (-) side or the (+) side respectively.” https://lnkd.in/gDaxUYAS View in LinkedIn

RESIDUAL MATTER. “Thus some of the matter on our side was contributed by leakage from the other side of the Big Bang, and the rest as the leftover partners of the antimatter which leaked or moved in time to or toward the other side respectively.” https://lnkd.in/gDaxUYAS View in LinkedIn

DOMINANT TYPES. “In cases (i) and (ii) leftover matter and antimatter respectively would each move toward the origin and annihilation or destruction. In cases (iii) and (iv) the remaining opposite particles in both cases move away from the origin, and thus contribute to the preponderance of antimatter on the (-) side and matter on the (+) side respectively.” https://lnkd.in/gDaxUYAS View in LinkedIn

MATTER-ANTIMATTER UNIVERSES. “Now consider the fate of the opposite partner particles left behind in all these cases. In case (A) antimatter is left on the (-) side; in case (B) matter is left on the (+) side.” https://lnkd.in/gDaxUYAS View in LinkedIn