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NEW STATES OF MATTER. "There was a time when states of matter were simple: Solid, liquid, gas. Then came plasma, Bose-Einstein condensate, supercritical fluid and more. Now the list has grown by one more, with the unexpected discovery of a new state dubbed “dropletons” that bear some resemblance to liquids but occur under very different circumstances." https://lnkd.in/dR2cJKA View in LinkedIn

MINIMAL ENERGY MANUFACTURING. "Athlough not commercially available, self-assembly is just the beginning of a whole innovative world of manufacturing with minimal energy." https://lnkd.in/dirgGK8 View in LinkedIn

LIQUID CRYSTAL STATE. "Conventionally, scientists think of matter existing in one of three well-defined states of aggregation, namely; solids, liquids, and gases. The dominant feature of the crystalline state is the strong bonding between molecules giving this state of matter an orderly arrangement. Liquid crystals are another state of matter, structurally falling between the solid and the liquid states." https://lnkd.in/dqhSUxY View in LinkedIn

SELF-EVOLVING STRUCTURES. “A new design of complex self-evolving structures… vary over time due to environmental interaction.” Their new approach to additive manufacturing ensures not only that the material changes structure over time, but does so precisely, transforming “into a predetermined shape, changing property and function after fabrication.” https://lnkd.in/dxCnDdx View in LinkedIn

BEC. "A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (that is, very near 0 K or −273.15 °C). Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point macroscopic quantum phenomena become apparent." https://lnkd.in/dxNbPf8 View in LinkedIn

4D-PRINTED MEDICAL IMPLANTS. "Today, researchers are printing biocompatible parts to be implanted in our body ... We can now generate structures that will change shape and functionality without external intervention". One key health-care application might be cardiac stents, tubes placed inside the heart to aid healing. "We want to print parts that can survive a lifetime inside the body if necessary." https://lnkd.in/dcXrp-f View in LinkedIn

PLASMA AS FOURTH PHASE. "A plasma is a fluid, like a liquid or gas, but because of the charged particles present in a plasma, it responds to and generates electro-magnetic forces." http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/state.html View in LinkedIn

PLASMA. "Matter at the very high temperatures and pressures which typically occur on the Sun, or during re-entry from space. Under these conditions, the atoms themselves begin to break down; electrons are stripped from their orbit around the nucleus leaving a positively charged ion behind. The resulting mixture of neutral atoms, free electrons, and charged ions is called a plasma. A plasma has some unique qualities that causes scientists to label it a "fourth phase" of matter." http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/state.html View in LinkedIn

"FOUR STATES OF MATTER are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now." Four states? https://lnkd.in/dRg72fJ View in LinkedIn

NEW STATES OF MATTER. "Blurring the line between materials and mechanics, it may even result in new states of matter. One possibility are "infoliquids"and "infosolids", materials than straddle the line between solid and liquid, with information encoded into its chemistry." This wild statement sounds like the dreams of alchemists. But wait. https://lnkd.in/d9CztUV View in LinkedIn