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SMALL PROGRESS. "Last year, a University of Michigan team showed off its Michigan Micro Mote, a solar-powered wireless computer not much bigger than a coarse grain of salt. A few years ago, Hitachi showed off experimental radio-frequency chips the size of dandruff flakes." https://lnkd.in/ezqcA3j View in LinkedIn

L-FORMS SUSPECTED. "There is considerable circumstantial evidence linking tissue pleomorphic forms of unknown origin with idiopathic chronic inflammatory, collagen, lymphoproliferative, nephro-urological (including interstitial cystitis and prostatodynia), and neoplastic diseases." https://lnkd.in/e6qsu9e View in LinkedIn

CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE for L-Form bacteria being involved in chronic diseases many years after an initial infection. Diseases cited include: organ failure, autoimmune diseases, Guillian-Barré Syndrome, schizophrenia, stroke, cardiovascular disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, OCD, obesity, and chronic liver disease. https://lnkd.in/dTCkxDw View in LinkedIn

L-FORM IMMUNE CHALLENGE. "When the number of pathogens reaches a critical mass, childhood viral infections can reactivate, or the individual can acquire Candida (pathogenic yeast) and Mycoplasma infections." https://lnkd.in/dTCkxDw View in LinkedIn

L-FORMS AND DISEASE. "Some researchers now believe that chronic and recurrent illness - and particularly the 'mysterious' and autoimmune illnesses - may be the result of an ongoing challenge to the immune system by L-form bacteria. In addition to challenging the immune response, initial infections can alter the expression of human genes and also affect human host-cell pathways." https://lnkd.in/dTCkxDw View in LinkedIn

MINOR MUTATION. "We recently embarked on a molecular genetic analysis of the L-form state and showed that conversion of Bacillus subtilis into a form that can replicate reasonably efficiently in the absence of a cell wall (i.e. as an L-form) requires only two genetic changes." https://lnkd.in/d_F2hqt View in LinkedIn

L-FORMS GET EVERYWHERE. "Since they are too small to be filtered during the purification processes used in pharmaceutical manufacturing procedures, they can be transmitted through injectable medicines. They have even been cultured from dry soil." https://lnkd.in/dQMKvSU View in LinkedIn

MICROBIAL ECOLOGY. There exist "dozens of polymicrobial diseases, caused by combinations of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. In these infections, the presence of one micro-organism generates a niche for other pathogenic micro-organisms to colonise, one micro-organism predisposes the host to colonisation by other micro-organisms, or two or more non-pathogenic micro-organisms together cause disease." http://mpkb.org/home/pathogenesis/kochs_postulates View in LinkedIn

L-FORMS DEFY KOCH. "Gerald Domingue, Professor Emeritus at Tulane University states, “When it comes to L-form bacteria, Koch’s postulates cannot be fulfilled because it is impossible to duplicate all the variables involved in disease expression.” http://mpkb.org/home/pathogenesis/kochs_postulates View in LinkedIn

1887 TO 2015. "Koch's postulates never anticipated the era of the human metagenome in which thousands of difficult or impossible-to-culture species of bacteria contribute to a single disease state. Koch's century-old ideas have held science back from understanding how chronic disease occurs because they make no provision for these facts ... mounting evidence that Koch's postulates no longer apply to discerning the vast amounts of microbes in the human body." http://mpkb.org/home/pathogenesis/kochs_postulates View in LinkedIn