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MEGA-ERRORS ARE INNOVATIVE. "The lack of RNA correction and repair and the high rate of replication combined with innovation allowed a rate of recombination events 1–10 x 10(6) times faster than in DNA genomes." https://lnkd.in/ekWBG2q View in LinkedIn

EARLY CELLULAR REFUGE. "Although accelerated ssRNA processing of mRNA, tRNA and rRNAs in linear RNA genomes built core competences for natural genome editing in the early RNA world, those ssRNAs without cellular habitats are extremely thermolabile and could not survive in high temperature environments." https://lnkd.in/ekWBG2q View in LinkedIn

RNA INSTABILITY. "This instability is a necessary precondition for the high productivity of differ- ent RNA sequences with the rapidly adapting features necessary in the early RNA world, that is, a large variety of different RNA identities." Genetic variation engine. https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

SWITCH FROM RNA TO DNA. "According to the RNA World Hypothesis, life later evolved to use DNA and proteins due to RNA's relative instability and poorer catalytic properties, and gradually, ribozymes became increasingly phased out." https://lnkd.in/eeUzYdR View in LinkedIn

RIBOZYME-LIKE FIRST CELLS. "Something like these capabilities of ribozymes had to have been components of the first cells. The metabolism of the first cells functioned without feeding. Photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic organisms do not need to feed: they obtain their energy from sunlight or from hydrogen-rich compounds." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

INFORMATION PROCESSING. "RNAs play complementary roles in information processing and regulation. In most cases they have an inheritable status, being integrated in the genome of organisms, and are termed endogenous. In other cases they are ancient individuals living in the cytoplasm of cells as persistent nonlytic parasites similar to DNA settlers, with important endosymbiotic roles." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this two week venture into the subject of flower opening and closing. Flowers arose in order to achieve fresh genetic recombination through sharing genes, by sexual reproduction. Perhaps the biggest driver in the natural world is the generation of ever better adapted genes, niche exploitation, and success of that species. Flowering plants have excelled at all three. View in LinkedIn

OSCILLATING GENES. "Circadian factors affect hormone concentrations. For example, cytokinin, auxin, and ABA concentrations show diurnal patterns. TANDEMZINC KNUCKLE/PLU3 (TZP) affects diurnal growth patterns. Its gene expression oscillates, with a peak in the morning. TZP regulates the expression of auxin-related genes." https://lnkd.in/eTEzGE9 View in LinkedIn

CLOCK GENES. "In Arabidopsis and other plants, several genes with a circadian expression pattern have been identified, for example, a catalase, cysteine protease, a putative β‐amylase, nitrate reductase, sucrose phosphate synthase, and chlorophyll a/b binding proteins (Cab) of photosystems I and II." https://lnkd.in/eTEzGE9 View in LinkedIn

RHYTHM SLIPS. "When plants of Cereus grandifolius (a night‐bloomer) were kept in darkness during the day and exposed to light at night, the normal periodicity was retained for some days but gradually became weaker, and then assumed a new phase in which opening occurred at the end of the light period." https://lnkd.in/eTEzGE9 View in LinkedIn