LACK OF FUSION. “Considering the ancestral angiosperm, it is likely that lack of fusion among and between most organs is the ancestral condition for the angiosperm flower, with the potential exception of basal fusion of the outermost perianth. For example, fusion of the carpel margins to form an enclosed carpel arose multiple times and is not considered homologous owing to the diversity of carpel types degrees of completeness of fusion.”
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