BOTTOM UP CAUSATION. “Self-assembly and self-structuring based on bottom-up action alone can lead to emergence of structures such as crystals and simple biological molecules, or of dynamical systems with attractors leading to entities such as stars and galaxies, and to more complex phenomena such as Bénard cells, patterns associated with the reaction–diffusion equation and sand piles, the dynamics of the Game of Life, properties of slime mould, existence of ant colonies and the behaviour of flocks of birds.”
https://lnkd.in/dnngg6a