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INTERLOCKING. “When a medium first appears, it uses the content of another medium exclusively for its content until its users have learned to exploit the new medium to develop new forms of expression. We saw that writing and mathematical notation made use of spoken language for its content.” https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-59177-9_13 View in LinkedIn

NESTED CONTENTS. “The content’ of any medium is always another medium. The content of writing is speech, just as the written word is the content of print, and print is the content of the telegraph.” (Marshall McLuhan, 1964). The content of the Internet is computing and the content of computing is science and the content of science is mathematics and writing and the content of mathematics and writing is speech.” https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-59177-9_13 View in LinkedIn

WATTS. “Beckett is fascinated by Descartes scholastic method of revealing faith by reason and his steps of reasoning. Take the whole, break it into its parts, start with the simplest and list every possibility -- this what Beckett does with his lists of permutations -- except that there is no revealed truth for Beckett’s permutations. Cycles of futility, no dramatic conclusions. It is about pausing and feeling a sense of despair and then going on.” https://youtu.be/1t0HVAW9SOU View in LinkedIn

DUAL CHANGES. “Another example of how a new language changes a language that preceded it is the way the emergence of abstract science affected mathematics with scientists developing new kinds of mathematics to describe nature. Descartes’s analytic geometry and Newton’s differential calculus being two examples of this among many other examples.” https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-59177-9_13 View in LinkedIn

CHANGING MEDIUM. “This observation of the effects of phonetic writing supports the notion that mathematics will change in the age of information, i.e. the age of computers and the Internet. Mathematics is, in fact, changing as is reported in the Wikipedia article Computer-assisted proof.” https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-59177-9_13 View in LinkedIn

INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS. “Each mode of language incorporates the features of the previous modes. The Internet incorporates all of the features of computing which in turn incorporates the features of all the previous modes: speech, writing, mathematics, and science. Science incorporates speech, writing, and mathematics. Writing and mathematics arose at the same moment in history. They therefore only incorporated the features of speech, albeit different ones.” https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-59177-9_13 View in LinkedIn