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NEVER FORGET THIS. “Another major drawback of the Standard Model is the fact that it uses two predominant components, dark matter and dark energy, supposed to represent about 95% of the universe energy density, but which have remarkably resisted to experimental identification so far.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

THE KEY. “All of the observational evidence for DM to date comes from its gravitational effects. Therefore it’s not unreasonable to ask whether the observations could instead be explained by modifying the laws of gravity.” (DM = dark matter). https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

INDIRECT SENSING. “Large scale structure observations are typically not as powerful or clean a probe of cosmological parameters on their own as the CMB anisotropies are (galaxies are biased tracers of the matter distribution, redshift is a combination of expansion and peculiar velocity etc.).” (CMB = cosmic microwave background). https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

FLAT GEOMETRY. “The positions of the acoustic peaks in the CMB angular power spectrum (or equivalently the typical size of the hot/cold spots) are largely sensitive to the geometry of the Universe, and hence the total energy. i.e. the total energy density is very close to the critical density for which the geometry of the universe is flat.” (CMB = cosmic microwave background). https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

SUNLIGHT AS THE SOURCE. “The food of most animals contains, at most, only traces of cholecalciferol. An adequate supply of cholecalciferol can therefore only be obtained by exposure of skin to UVB radiation from the sun.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

UNSOLVED QUESTIONS. However, paleontologists have rarely considered the biological or metabolic impact of a meteor and exactly how the dinosaurs might have died, especially those distant from a physical cause of death such as a tsunami. Most theories assume that the dust cloud caused plants to die off and reduce the dinosaur food sources. https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

SKIN CONCENTRATION. “In other cells, its concentration is very low because of rapid conversion to cholesterol. Cholecalciferol is more popularly known as vitamin D3 but under natural conditions it is not a nutrient.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

VITAMIN D METABOLISM. “A characteristic of animals that depend on solar UVB radiation to supply cholecalciferol is that its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, the penultimate metabolite in the synthesis of cholesterol, accumulates in superficial skin cells.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

IMPACT ON VITAMIN D. “One of the effects of UVB radiation is that it acts on 7-dehydrocholesterol in cells of the superficial integument of terrestrial animals to make, by a photochemical reaction, the pre-hormone, cholecalciferol.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn