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LIMITS OF MIND. “Physics lacks well-established examples of strong emergence, unless it is interpreted as the impossibility in practice to explain the whole in terms of the parts. Practical impossibility may be a more useful distinction than one in principle, since it is easier to determine and quantify, and does not imply the use of mysterious forces, but simply reflects the limits of our capability.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

IRREDUCIBLE. “Strong emergence describes the direct causal action of a high-level system upon its components; qualities produced this way are irreducible to the system's constituent parts. The whole is other than the sum of its parts. It is argued then that no simulation of the system can exist, for such a simulation would itself constitute a reduction of the system to its constituent parts.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

STRONG EMERGENCE. “Crucial in these simulations is that the interacting members retain their independence. If not, a new entity is formed with new, emergent properties: this is called strong emergence, which it is argued cannot be simulated or analysed.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

“WEAK EMERGENCE is a type of emergence in which the emergent property is amenable to computer simulation or similar forms of after-the-fact analysis (for example, the formation of a traffic jam, the structure of a flock of starlings in flight or a school of fish, or the formation of galaxies).” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

TWO TYPES. “Usage of the notion "emergence" may generally be subdivided into two perspectives, that of "weak emergence" and "strong emergence".” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

ORIGIN OF COMPLEXITY. “Corning stated: "It is the synergistic effects produced by wholes that are the very cause of the evolution of complexity in nature." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

FEATURES OF EMERGENCE. The common characteristics are: “(1) radical novelty (features not previously observed in systems); (2) coherence or correlation (meaning integrated wholes that maintain themselves over some period of time); (3) A global or macro "level" (i.e. there is some property of "wholeness"); (4) it is the product of a dynamical process (it evolves); and (5) it is "ostensive" (it can be perceived).” (Corning, 2002). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

A DEFINITION. Goldstein initially defined emergence as: "the arising of novel and coherent structures, patterns and properties during the process of self-organization in complex systems". (1999). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

EMERGENCE. “In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when an entity is observed to have properties its parts do not have on their own, properties or behaviors which emerge only when the parts interact in a wider whole. Emergence plays a central role in theories of integrative levels and of complex systems.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE concerns the phenomenon of emergence. “The phrase “more is different” was coined by PW Anderson in 1972, and sums up emergent phenomena, which occur when things scale to large numbers and transition into complex systems with new laws, such as the behavior of bird flocking, fish shoals, ripples in sand; new properties appear which are not present in their constituent parts. https://medium.com/sfi-30-foundations-frontiers/emergence-a-unifying-theme-for-21st-century-science-4324ac0f951e#:~:text=Examples%20of%20emergent%20behavior%20are,and%20planets%2C%20the%20evolution%20of View in LinkedIn