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TWO VESTIGIAL SOURCES. "Both evolution and development might be said to leave vestigial remains not only in the phenotype we see, but also in the genotypic basis that helps to determine phenotypic expression (provided the genotypic changes are to the germ line, and thus heritable). Both kinds of vestiges result from solitary events in individual organisms." https://evolution-outreach.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-014-0012-5 View in LinkedIn

SEMPER AUGUSTUS. "Many believe that the Tulip ‘Semper Augustus’ is the holy grail of all tulip bulbs. Made famous during the well documented Tulip-mania period of 1637-1637, they were considered by many to be the most beautiful of all flowers and a pinnacle of achievement from the breeders." https://lnkd.in/d3W5rw7 View in LinkedIn

MOLECULAR VESTIGES. "Just as illnesses, injuries, and other accidents of ontogeny often leave remains in the form of scars where tissues have incompletely healed from damage, chance events of phylogeny can likewise leave ‘vestiges’ in the form of molecules and nucleic acid sequences that are non-functional (as might apply to ‘junk DNA’)." https://evolution-outreach.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-014-0012-5 View in LinkedIn

TULIP GENOME. "The genetic complexity is high not only in tulips but also in maize, and other cultured plants such as rice or wheat. The accumulation of genes may result from breeding. In tulips the genome is almost tripled, three similar chromosomes accumulated, but did not quite stay identical but evolved separately to some extent. The plants can easily lose up to one third or even half of their genes, without much noticeable differences." https://lnkd.in/dqpDyTS View in LinkedIn

SILENT TOOLKIT. "We can only speculate as to the evolutionary significance of ‘internal’ molecular mechanisms, which are often silent or neutral, whereas we can see, directly and immediately, the profound consequences of these shifts (on snail shells, fish limbs, hen’s teeth, and so on) in external phenotypes." https://evolution-outreach.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-014-0012-5 View in LinkedIn

VESTIGIAL TEETH GENES. "No living birds have teeth, but we can tweak regulatory genes of embryonic chicks to ‘switch on’ still-present structural genes that encode for teeth." https://evolution-outreach.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-014-0012-5 View in LinkedIn

Sainsbury's named world's best sustainable seafood supermarket https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/mar/01/sainsburys-named-worlds-best-sustainable-seafood-supermarket?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

THE EDGE OF CHAOS. "Emergence occurs in a narrow possibility space lying between conditions that are too ordered and too disordered. This boundary or margin is the edge of chaos, which is always far from equilibrium. Near these equilibriums, a system has the ability to self-organise allowing an emergent phenomenon." https://lnkd.in/dfAjwzM View in LinkedIn

NON-OBVIOUS. "Emergent high-level properties are interesting, non-obvious consequences of low-level properties." https://lnkd.in/dmJdbxk View in LinkedIn

EMERGENCE. "This continuum from non-life to life is an example of emergence?" https://lnkd.in/dYRg2SW View in LinkedIn