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MASSIVE LATERAL GENE TRANSFERS. "This early phase in plant evolution, which involved extensive lateral gene transfer among pro- and eukaryotic unicellular organisms, was followed by one characterized by increased genetic isolation and divergence." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

MASSIVE ENDOSYMBIOSIS. "Rather than constituting a single clade that can be traced back to a single last common ancestor, plants (i.e. eukaryotic photoautotrophs) have multiple evolutionary origins presumably as a consequence of primary endosymbiotic events, giving rise to lineages like the Chlorophyta, or as a result of secondary endosymbiotic events, giving rise to others like the euglenids and chromists." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

GENETIC SUPER-HYBRIDS. "The evolution of plant body plans is far more complex than that of animals because the organisms called plants are polyphyletic" (from many origins genetically). http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

LETHAL TRAIT LOSS IN PLANKTON. "The so-called spiral determinate cleavage of many planktotrophic spiralian species so rigidly casts the fate of each embryonic cell early in the four- and eight-cell stage of embryo development that it is difficult (although not impossible) to imagine that mutations causing this embryology to deviate from the norm would be anything but lethal." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

LETHAL LOSS OF TRAITS. "The typical explanation for the conservation of ancestral body plan traits is the presence of pivotal developmental processes whose mutation would be difficult or impossible for process so basic to how an organism achieves its organized growth that any significant deviation would result in death or severe impairment." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

TRAIT GHOSTS. "It is undeniable that some shared ancestral traits have been conserved long after their initial adaptive significance has vanished." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

BIOELECTRICITY. "In the last several years, we have witnessed significant advances in molecular ferroelectrics, with the ferroelectric properties of molecular crystals approaching those of barium titanate. In addition, ferroelectricity has been observed in biological systems, filling an important missing link in bioelectric phenomena." https://lnkd.in/dcy6pRY View in LinkedIn

Girona, Spain. View in LinkedIn