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MOLECULAR EVOLUTION. “A possible molecular cause of this phenomenon comes from the observation that cifA and cifB bind each other, and so binding affinities may be greatest between coevolved genes. If this is the case, then there would be strong selection against recombination between the genes as this could generate symbionts that are unable to rescue crosses with infected females.” https://lnkd.in/dXjWp9f View in LinkedIn

EARLY OBSERVATIONS. “It has long been observed that crosses between insects carrying different Wolbachia strains are frequently incompatible, suggesting that modification and rescue factors must be matched to produce viable offspring.” https://lnkd.in/dXjWp9f View in LinkedIn

The structure of flowering plant sexual organs has us in perpetual rapture. View in LinkedIn

A TRUE BEAST. “A feature of a white hole apparent horizon is exponentially increasing blueshifts due to its negative surface gravity, but this is not a true instability, at least classically, since the exponentially increasing energy density is precisely compensated by decreasing volume from the convergence of geodesics toward the apparent horizon.” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

CONSEQUENCES. “Almost all of the negative energy associated with Hawking "partners" must then remain inside the white hole, which requires that it propagate along ingoing radial null geodesics. These increase in radius inside the white hole, and converge on the white hole apparent horizon unless they intersect the matter shell first.” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

WORMHOLES. “Later in the evaporation process the Hawking partners must correspond to different degrees of freedom than the earlier Hawking partners, and given the finite Hilbert space the Hawking modes with which they are entangled must then be entangled with early Hawking modes, leading to a pure external state when the black hole disappears. This is justified by a very complicated quantum path integral involving "replica wormholes".” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

AN EXCEPTION? “All of these alternatives contradict semi-classical expectations for large black holes. Why should an black hole horizon behave differently than an ordinary null hypersurface in Minkowski spacetime?” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

INFORMATION. “Could complete quantum information be stored on the black hole horizon, at least for external observers? Could a black hole horizon never form, instead becoming a fuzzball or gravastar that has no event horizon and no trapped surfaces? Does entanglement between late Hawking modes and early Hawking modes apparently required to restore unitarity imply a singular "firewall" at the horizon?” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

INFO PARADOX. “Somehow, the quantum information apparently carried into the black hole by Hawking partners must reappear outside the black hole horizon, even though this would seem to require acausal propagation of quantum information.” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn