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CONSCIOUSNESS. “Causal emergence (de-coupling) increases both along the cortical hierarchy of the human brain, and across the gap from non-human primates to humans. Relatedly, there has been a long-standing debate on whether consciousness could be viewed as an emergent phenomenon enabled by the complex interactions between neurons.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

“SYNERGY is also more prevalent as a proportion of total information in the brains of humans than in the brains of macaques, corroborating the link between synergistic neural information, evolution, and higher cognitive capacities.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

The force that through the green fuse drives the flower" "Drives my green age; that blasts the roots of trees" "Is my destroyer." "And I am dumb to tell the crooked rose" "My youth is bent by the same wintry fever." " https://lnkd.in/dEkmDe2 View in LinkedIn

QUAINT MYTH. “There are there­fore, powerful prima facie reasons for doubting that language is essential for conscious experience, and in consequence for wondering whether the significance of language for cognitive functions has been misestimated.” (Excellent article). https://lnkd.in/epRnFgUf View in LinkedIn

BRAIN SYSTEM. “Remarkably, analyses of human fMRI data have identified a gradient with redundancy-dominated sensory and motor regions at one end, and synergy-dominated association cortices dedicated to multimodal integration and high-order cognition at the other end.” (fMRI = functional MRI). https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

TESTING THE THEORY. “Moving from simulations to empirical data, the ΦID framework for causal emergence was also adopted to study how motor behaviour might be emergent from brain activity. Results indicated that the motion-related signal is an emergent feature of the macaque’s brain activity.” (ΦID = Integrated Information Decomposition). https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

SUPER-ORGANISM. “Here, the framework showed that the centre of mass can predict its own dynamics better than what can be explained from the behaviour of individual birds.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

MURMURINGS. “Another demonstration of the power of the framework and practical criteria was carried out in a computational model of flocking birds, another often-cited example of emergent behaviour whereby the flock as a whole arises from the interactions between individuals.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

CAUSAL DECOUPLING. “The ΦID frame-work (in particular, practical criteria discussed in the previous section) provided a quantitative validation that particles have causally emergent properties, in line with widespread intuition, and further analyses suggested that they may be causally decoupled with respect to their substrate.” (ΦID = Integrated Information Decomposition). https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

INFORMATION TRANSFORMATION. “The simple GoL rule nevertheless results in highly complex behaviour, with recognisable self-sustaining structures — known as “particles” — that have been shown to be responsible for information transfer and modification.” (GoL = Game of Life). https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn