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BORROWING FROM LEARNING SYSTEMS. "We make this argument by recognising that analogous behaviours are possible, and are well-understood, in another domain—and because the underlying principles are mathematically equivalent, specific results and insights from one domain can be transferred to the other. This is a domain where the idea of a system that changes itself over time is not controversial—namely, learning systems." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTION may be seen as an intelligent learning machine capable of anticipating the unknown. What lessons can we learn from this analogy? Is it so very far fetched? View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this meditation on the pervasive popular theme 'nature red in tooth and claw.' For your consideration, a new synthesis of the thinking of great scientists is proposed, which is radically contrary to the Victorian view of nature and commerce and even society itself. We have learned a lot since Darwin. And we have an immense amount more to learn. But this may be an adjustment worth thinking about. View in LinkedIn

NEW VIEW OF NATURAL WORLD. Life is driven to increase sophisticated information. Every action of organisms contributes to this primary goal. This is achieved across all species by aeons of co-evolution, collaboration, information sharing, and symbiosis. The primary energy source that fuels this increase in global information is photons from the sun. All ecosystem interactions are spectral, but are dominantly characterized by interdependence, connectivity, and balance. View in LinkedIn

SIX ANSWERS exist for the 'red in tooth and claw' supposition. Firstly, building greater biological information in genes and all organism all actions support this single goal; second, photons from the sun drive primary production of all complex molecules; thirdly, autotrophs feeding on photons dominate the planet; fourthly, connected interactions between individuals and species create genetic diversity; fifthly, death is critical for the evolution of fresh genes; and sixth, symbiosis and natural balance are prevalent. View in LinkedIn

TIPPING POINT THINKING. "Human activities are pushing Earth toward a "tipping point" that could cause sudden, irreversible changes in relatively stable conditions that have allowed civilization to flourish, a new study warns." https://lnkd.in/dizGdhp View in LinkedIn

CHANGES IN THINKING. "This shift is clear in the writings of Bill McKibben, who talks frequently about balance, but about balance with nature, not balance of nature, and how humankind is headed towards a catastrophic future if it does not act promptly and radically to rebalance society with nature." http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001963 View in LinkedIn

NEURAL NETWORK EVOLUTION. "Connectionism recognises that the cleverness of cognition does not derive from the cleverness of the individual neural parts but from the organisation of the relationships between them." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn

POSITIVE FEEDBACK HYPOTHESIS. "We investigate the hypothesis that the evolution of developmental, ecological and reproductive organisations are all subject to the same underlying organisational principle, a simple principle of positive feedback between the topology of an interaction network and the behaviours that the network structure governs." View in LinkedIn

REINFORCEMENT EVOLUTION. "The evolutionary conditions that correspond to reinforcement learning are simply those that reward changes to interactions that improve fitness (e.g. changes to a gene network that increase fitness by changing the gene expression pattern/phenotype that the network produces." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11692-015-9358-z View in LinkedIn