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NEW PARADIGM NEEDED. “In any BH to WH scenario of the type considered in this paper and Paper I the central dogma is clearly false.” (BH = black hole; WH = white hole). https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

COEVOLUTION. “As Wolbachia genomes often carry divergent cif homologs, the absence of recombination between these genes is compatible with recombination being constrained by selection. This can be explained by the coevolution of binding affinities between the proteins encoded by cifA and their cognate cifB gene.” https://lnkd.in/dXjWp9f View in LinkedIn

ROLE OF RECOMBINATION. “Whether recombination itself created these incompatibilities or whether crossing types arose due to sequence divergence following recombination is unknown. We found that recombination is frequent across the cif gene phylogeny, but it almost exclusively occurs between related syntenic cifA–cifB gene pairs within the same Type.” https://lnkd.in/dXjWp9f View in LinkedIn

RECOMBINATION. “Despite this, clear evidence of recombination has been observed among cif genes from wPip, which infects C. pipiens mosquitoes. wPip strains can carry multiple copies of Type I cif genes, and recombination between closely related paralogs correlates with different CI crossing types.” (CI = cytoplasmic incompatibility). https://lnkd.in/dXjWp9f View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE continues from last weekend and concludes this weekend on the evolutionary strategy of Wolbachia bacteria to control their host zygote survival by cytoplasmic compatability. This extreme strategy has made them a very successful parasite. View in LinkedIn

A variegated leaf which shows very similar repeating patterns to water drainage valleys when seen from the air. View in LinkedIn

MERGING DISCIPLINES. “During the last several decades of the twentieth century, particle physics increasingly drove advances in cosmology. Meanwhile, particle physicists had pushed the limits of existing particle accelerators and public funding for yet larger instruments. They turned increasingly to cosmology for information regarding the behavior of matter under extreme conditions, such as prevailed in the early universe.” https://lnkd.in/dyGzxWR View in LinkedIn

TRANSITION STATES. “While a black hole horizon, even if it is not an event horizon, at least forms part of a FCH, a white hole horizon does not. The black hole horizon in my BH to WH scenarios is consistent with the GSL.” (FCH = future causal horizon; BH = black hole; WH = white hole; GSL = generalized second law). https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

IMPORTANT LAW. “The generalized second law (GSL), originally proposed by Bekenstein for black hole horizons, is that Sgen is non-decreasing along any future causal horizon (FCH).” Remember that we spent a lot of time on Beckenstein’s work? https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn

PREDICTION. “The density of quantum degrees of freedom in the interior of the black hole plausibly never should exceed one per Planck volume on a maximal hypersurface.” https://lnkd.in/dUKnus8 View in LinkedIn