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“FIG. 2. Example published applications of the ΦID approach to causal emergence. Examples include A) Conway’s Game of Life, B) a bird flocking model, C) macaque ECoG during motor control, D) human resting-state fMRI brain activity, and E) human fMRI during loss of consciousness.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

INTERCONNECTIVITY. “Emergent behaviours can occur because of intricate causal relations across different scales and feedback, known as interconnectivity. The emergent property itself may be either very predictable or unpredictable and unprecedented, and represent a new level of the system's evolution.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

INFORMATION PARTICLES. “Integrated Information Decomposition (ΦID), which establishes information atoms not only in terms of the relationship between the predictors, but also between the targets.” https://lnkd.in/eFDvNHBt View in LinkedIn

ANT HIVE. “An emergent behavior or emergent property can appear when a number of simple entities (agents) operate in an environment, forming more complex behaviors as a collective. If emergence happens over disparate size scales, then the reason is usually a causal relation across different scales. In other words, there is often a form of top-down feedback in systems with emergent properties.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

BULK AQUEOUS CHEMISTRY. “Metasomatism is the drastic change in the bulk chemical composition of a rock, due to the introduction of chemicals from other surrounding rocks.” https://lnkd.in/eSpeQsqS View in LinkedIn

APPLICATIONS. “Quantum entanglement is crucial to our understanding of quantum theory, and it has many interesting applications in various novel technologies.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6433-5.pdf View in LinkedIn

BY EXTENSION. “We are concerned with yet another effect associated with quantum fluctuations of spacetime, that is, quantum entanglement generation by quantum fluctuations of spacetime.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6433-5.pdf View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM GRAVITY. “Naturally, one may wonder what happens if gravitational waves are quantized. One of the consequences, if gravity is quantized, is the quantum fluctuations of spacetime itself.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6433-5.pdf View in LinkedIn

CONFIRMATION. “Recently, gravitational wave signals from black hole merging systems have been directly detected, and this confirms the prediction based on Einstein’s general relativity over a hundred years ago.” https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6433-5.pdf View in LinkedIn

CONJECTURE. “There should be quantum vacuum fluctuations of spacetime itself, if we accept that the basic quantum principles we are already familiar with apply as well to a quantum theory of gravity.” https://lnkd.in/eQiUdtDc View in LinkedIn