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DENTAL PIEZO. Does biting generate a piezoelectric current in the tooth root? Do braces cause piezoelectric currents? https://lnkd.in/eFXVUKn View in LinkedIn

TEETH resemble the structure of shell and bone crystalline structures, of mineral combined with protein fibers, accounting for their remarkable strength. The chemistry behind these composites is deeply complex, as outlined in this thorough review. A primer for the piezoelectric effect found in teeth. https://lnkd.in/eerDdxj View in LinkedIn

BITTERN. Image from https://lnkd.in/ea-fEFr. View in LinkedIn

DISTRACTION. The Bittern's night-time mating calls today are described as "powerful waves of sound, reminiscent of blowing into an empty bottle, audible over 5 km, preceded by muffled intakes of breath." https://lnkd.in/edGxXnv View in LinkedIn

DISTRACTION. Geoffrey Chaucer, in 'Prologue to the Wife of Bath's Tale': "A bitore bombleth in the myre" referencing the Gollum-like (recovering) British marsh bird, the Bittern, a feature of Mediaeval banquets." https://lnkd.in/edGxXnv View in LinkedIn

ELECTRICAL BONE REPAIR. Stress-generated potentials and bioelectric steady-state potentials exist in bone. By the late 1970s there were over 100 articles on the use of electricity to heal broken bones. As a result, today there are a number of devices in the market, but the lack of large clinical trials means that the clinical results are inconclusive. https://lnkd.in/ecZuy-Q View in LinkedIn

BONE HEALING. "Basic science studies have shown conclusively that electrical stimulation techniques lead to bone cell proliferation." https://lnkd.in/eSBJgFQ View in LinkedIn

BONE PIEZOELECTRICITY is largely due to collagen fibrils, which are piezoelectric structures in biology. It is thought that bone remodeling and regeneration is due to the interaction of mechanical and electrical forces. https://lnkd.in/eGmfbWS View in LinkedIn

ASYMMETRIC CARBONS. "Most biopolymers, such as hair, wool, bone, collagen, DNA, protein, and wood, are naturally oriented and exhibit shear piezoelectricity due to the internal rotation of polar atomic groups associated with asymmetric carbon atoms." https://lnkd.in/eKk_wMN View in LinkedIn

ASSYMETRICAL BIOCRYSTALS. "Piezoelectricity, a linear coupling between electrical and mechanical properties, is displayed by crystal structures that lack a center of symmetry (non-centrosymmetric)." https://lnkd.in/eKk_wMN View in LinkedIn