Year: 2022

MAMMALIAN GUT. "Much of the microbiota's genome plasticity is thought to be attributable to horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the most effective mechanism of which is conjugation, the exchange of plasmids. Conjugational plasmid transfer is consistently fueling the emergence of hypervirulent or antibiotic-resistant pathogens." https://lnkd.in/ejBu7My View in LinkedIn

DYSBIOSIS FAVOR PATHOGENS. "Hundreds of bacterial species make up the mammalian intestinal microbiota. Following perturbations by antibiotics, diet, immune deficiency or infection, this ecosystem can shift to a state of dysbiosis. This can involve overgrowth (blooming) of otherwise under-represented or potentially harmful bacteria (for example, pathobionts)." https://lnkd.in/eSfSRHf View in LinkedIn

DYSBIOSIS FAVORS HGT. "We present evidence suggesting that dysbiosis fuels horizontal gene transfer between members of this ecosystem" of the highly dense community of the gut microbiota. https://lnkd.in/eSfSRHf View in LinkedIn

FLOATING IN A SEA OF DNA. "We are constantly exposed to foreign DNA from various sources like benign or malicious microbes in and on our body, pollens in the inhaled air and as the largest amount with the daily food supply. DNA molecules are ubiquitous in large numbers in all raw and unprocessed food." https://lnkd.in/ebnSqhQ View in LinkedIn

DNA IN FOOD. "Depending on the extent of processing, various fractions of DNA molecules of varying size may be present in the consumed product, even in processed food such as corn chips and chocolate." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0069805 View in LinkedIn

OLD DOGMA. "According to the standard paradigm large macromolecules consumed with food cannot pass directly to the circulatory system. During digestion proteins and DNA are thought to be degraded into small constituents, amino acids and nucleic acids, respectively, and then absorbed by a complex active process and distributed to various parts of the body through the circulation system." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0069805 View in LinkedIn

FOOD GENES TO BLOOD. "Complete Genes May Pass from Food to Human Blood. Based on the analysis of over 1000 human samples from four independent studies, we report evidence that meal-derived DNA fragments which are large enough to carry complete genes can avoid degradation and through an unknown mechanism enter the human circulation system. In one of the blood samples the relative concentration of plant DNA is higher than the human DNA." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0069805 View in LinkedIn

DIETARY DNA. "Animal feeding studies have demonstrated that a minor amount of fragmented dietary DNA may resist the digestive process and there are sporadic reports in the literature claiming that orally administered small fragments of bacterial DNA or plant RNA can transgress the intestinal barrier." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0069805 View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE this weekend continues with the inflammasome. The molecular mechanisms of action of inflammasones are well known but the intersection of different mechanisms and causes of cell death are emerging as complex and sophisticated, and the associations with diseases are proving widespread. View in LinkedIn

PYROPTOSIS. "The inflammasome activation causes a rapid, pro-inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis." Another cell suicide mechanism, different from apoptosis. https://lnkd.in/eSuQQy4 View in LinkedIn