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THE VERTEBRATE NOSE. “In vertebrates, the olfactory placodes give rise to the fibrocartilaginous nose made of alar and septolateral cartilages, olfactory mucosa and the olfactory fascia; the respiratory nose develops by evolutionary remodeling of the palatal bones under the olfactory nose.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

TWO ORGANS IN ONE. “The intricate and elaborate anatomy of the human nose can be best understood by gathering knowledge in evolution and development. Phylogenically and ontogenically, the nose results from two distinct entities: The olfactory and respiratory organ.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

EMBRYOLOGY OF THE HUMAN NOSE. https://lnkd.in/dRGvqyE View in LinkedIn

TIMELAPSE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE HUMAN NOSE DEVELOPMENT. A brilliant reduction of large amounts of difficult 3D data. https://lnkd.in/dTB_HQq View in LinkedIn

EMBRYOLOGY OF THE HUMAN FACE, A VIDEO. https://lnkd.in/djgVVYy View in LinkedIn

UNTANGLING THE FACE. “Embryology of the face is, in fact, a very difficult topic, which becomes more understandable in the evo-devo concept. The evo-devo theory links the evolution from simple species to complex human development.” https://lnkd.in/de_Fb7f View in LinkedIn

3D ATLAS OF EMBRYOLOGY https://lnkd.in/dnFdQ9Bhttps://lnkd.in/ddbesiz View in LinkedIn

MODIFIED LAND NOSE. “Lungfish played a critical role when organisms shifted from an aquatic mode of life to a terrestrial setting representing one of the most dynamic major adaptive shifts during the course of evolution. The anatomy of lungfish shows that the olfactory passages open posteriorly in the oral region and into the respiratory portion of the organism. These posterior communicating pathways, however, were in all likelihood not used for the purposes of respiration but rather to increase the power of olfaction.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

RUDIMENTARY NOSE. “The first vertebrates were jawless fish named agnathans who are classified in the phylum Chordata and subphylum Vertebrata and whose fossil ancestors can be traced back to the Cambrian period around 500 million years ago. Living agnathans display a primitive or rudimentary olfactory organ.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn