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HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS are "caused by microscopic algae that produce toxins that kill fish and make shellfish dangerous to eat. The toxins may also make the surrounding air difficult to breathe. As the name suggests, the bloom of algae often turns the water red." https://lnkd.in/eiixYfT View in LinkedIn

HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS. "While many people call these blooms 'red tides,' scientists prefer the term harmful algal bloom. One of the best known HABs in the nation occurs nearly every summer along Florida’s Gulf Coast." https://lnkd.in/eiixYfT View in LinkedIn

"TOXIC ALGAL BLOOMS are increasing because of pollution of coastal waters and worldwide shipping." https://lnkd.in/e8RtJht View in LinkedIn

SLEIGHT OF HAND. "We need sugars in our diet, but if we were to eat the mirror image of these sugars, molecules that contain the same atoms but only arranged in the left-handed form, then we would starve, as our bodies can only metabolize the right-handed form." This is the basis for some calorie-free artificial sweeteners. https://lnkd.in/eqzkdcz View in LinkedIn

DIATOMS are known to be copper sensitive ("copper stress"). Domoic acid also detoxifies ambient coastal copper by the same chelation mechanism that it accumulates scarce iron micronutrients. A second survival technique, and a second biological function for domoic acid. https://lnkd.in/ex75rxA View in LinkedIn

TOXICITY. "One highly important issue is whether D-amino acids present in foodstuffs are toxic. It may be established from the outset that the various D- and L- amino acids are equally toxic, as verified by their LD50 values. D-proline may be an exception to this, higher lethality in chickens having been ascertained for this enantiomer than for L-proline." https://lnkd.in/eNSAN8h View in LinkedIn

IRON SEEDING ENCOURAGES RED TIDE. "During the natural progression of a diatom bloom of Pseudo-nitzschia, a phytoplankton species shown to be preferentially selected for under iron addition experiments." Not a good idea. https://lnkd.in/ex75rxA View in LinkedIn

D-AMINO OXIDASE (DAO). "D-amino acids can occur in substantial quantities in foods. What is the fate of these unnatural stereoisomers? Since the publication of the pioneering work of Krebs it has been generally known that mammals possess specific enzymes for the purposes of a D-amino acid metabolism." https://lnkd.in/eNSAN8h View in LinkedIn

FUNCTION OF DOMOIC ACID. It is well known that iron is a rate-limiting oceanic nutrient for diatom growth ("iron stress"). Domoic acid is a structural relative of iron binding molecules, such as mugineic acid, in terrestrial plants. It appears that domoic acid chelates this scarce micronutrient as a survival technique. https://lnkd.in/ex75rxA View in LinkedIn

PROCESSED FOOD D-AMINO ACIDS. "Finley determined substantial quantities of D-Asp in savoury crackers made from wheat flour (9.5%), wheat cake (11.9%), Mexican pancake (11.6%) and corn cake (15.4%)." https://lnkd.in/eNSAN8h View in LinkedIn