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NOT MASTER REGULATORS. "One of the most confusing aspects of microRNA biology is the notion that microRNAs are actually poor direct manipulators of gene expression. MicroRNAs do not serve as simple on-and-off switches for the expression of single genes—they are not master regulators in most cases." https://lnkd.in/efHkz7K View in LinkedIn

PLETHORA OF REGULATORS. "Active micro-RNAs control and integrate large-scale structures of the chromosome. The number of different micro-RNAs is estimated to exceed several 10,000. These active RNAs are as competent as proteins in catalysing, signalling and switching (riboswitch)." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

DEEPLY CONSERVED INTRONS. "Comparative genetics has demonstrated that introns are strongly conserved over long evolutionary distances, often in large blocks, i.e. they are functionally related. This conservation is much more conservative than that of the protein-coding DNA." https://lnkd.in/eDswHmC View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE this next two weekends addresses flower opening and closing, a fascinating phenomenon whose evolutionary function is poorly understood. Surprisingly, though studied for over a century, there has been only a single comprehensive review of the literature. Although the mechanics are largely driven by turgor, the backstory of genes being turned on and off, of circadian clock regulation, and of metabolic changes is quite enthralling. View in LinkedIn

mRNAS. "In most cases they act after being transcribed from the stable DNA storage medium into a pretranscriptional or transcriptional modus, with the advantage of being active prior to all translated proteins." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

VIRAL DRIVERS "contradicts former concepts that focused on viruses in the framework of (i) escape theories, that is, viruses are intact or deformed genetic parasites that escaped from cellular life, or that viruses (ii) evolved from cellular ancestors or (iii) that they are not living beings because they cannot live without cellular life." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

MICRO-RNA REGULATORS. "A wide variety of small RNAs regulate key cellular processes of replication as well as genetic arrangements, rearrangements, recombination and repair, and even inventions." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

VIRAL DRIVERS OF LIFE. "Recent research in microbiology, based on comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses, has demonstrated that life must be viewed from the perspective of the crucial role played by viruses." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

WORKHORSE REGULATORS. "It is predicted that every metazoan cell type at each developmental stage has a distinct miRNA expression profile." Not just tissue-specific but temporally-specific also. https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

DNA AS HABITAT FOR VIRAL PARTS. "DNA is not only an information-storing archive but a life habitat for linguistically-competent RNA agents, most of them seemingly of viral or subviral descent." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn