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BLIND MAN’S BUFF. “We’re playing Russian roulette, with a gun pointed at our children, with five bullets instead of just one in the chamber, and we go on pulling the trigger until it goes off. That’s basically what climate and nature breakdown are.” https://lnkd.in/gNpHt_C View in LinkedIn

CONCLUSION. “In an additional experiment, the sweetness of pure D2O was scored significantly higher than that of D2O + 0.9 mM lactisole solution (p = 0.0003), while the same amount of lactisole had no effect on the perception of sweetness of H2O that served as control (Fig. 4b). These results suggest that D2O elicits sweetness via the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 sweet taste receptor.” https://lnkd.in/dzPDm5w View in LinkedIn

THIS DIFFICULT PAPER is a sampling of the extraordinary thinking that physicists studying complexity and black holes are engaged in, and how purely mathematical and logical operations are being used to dissect the possibilities within such an inscrutable object. An exceptionally interesting and challenging paper. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/prop.201500092?casa_token=8OO3b1OY4e4AAAAA%3ARqriAgTwtxnvsxl09CqnNy79m7l4ye7ZrkZxcLtObB9kHsTwYgzBuIV2X-xXQ7ezoR6VQPfQLCS-vnI View in LinkedIn

TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS. “This was first explored by combining water samples with lactisole as an established TAS1R2/TAS1R3 inhibitor. Using the two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) method, in which the participant must choose between two samples, 18 out of 25 panelists chose pure D2O as sweeter than D2O + 0.9 mM lactisole solution (p 

“FIREWALLS, like reversals of the second law, can occur in one of two ways; either by the action of an extremely complex operation needed to locally reverse the arrow of time, or by bottling up the system for a classical recurrence time. Temporary firewalls can also form if black holes are formed over long time periods.” https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/prop.201500092?casa_token=8OO3b1OY4e4AAAAA%3ARqriAgTwtxnvsxl09CqnNy79m7l4ye7ZrkZxcLtObB9kHsTwYgzBuIV2X-xXQ7ezoR6VQPfQLCS-vnI View in LinkedIn

THE HYPOTHESIS. “The chemical dissimilarity of D2O from sugars and other sweeteners raises the question whether the effect we observed in human subjects is mediated by TAS1R2/TAS1R3, which is the major receptor for sweet taste.” https://lnkd.in/dzPDm5w View in LinkedIn

COMPLEXITY FLUX. “If the complexity is not stationary it will either increase or decrease. If it increases it will continue to increase, but if it decreases that will not last long. It will reach a minimum and turn around.” https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/prop.201500092?casa_token=8OO3b1OY4e4AAAAA%3ARqriAgTwtxnvsxl09CqnNy79m7l4ye7ZrkZxcLtObB9kHsTwYgzBuIV2X-xXQ7ezoR6VQPfQLCS-vnI View in LinkedIn

THE DATA. “The amount of H2O consumed by the control group from either of the two bottles, both containing H2O, is depicted in Fig. 3c. Overall, the data shows that in all three experiments mice consumed comparable amounts of H2O and D2O, with significant increase of consumption of the sucrose solution.” https://lnkd.in/dzPDm5w View in LinkedIn

SWEET PREFERENCE. “By contrast, mice exhibit a strong preference for sucrose solution over H2O. Indeed, the consumed volume was significantly increased in line with the predilection of mice for sucrose solutions (Fig. 3b).” https://lnkd.in/dzPDm5w View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE continues from last weekend and concludes this weekend on a surprising paper showing that heavy water tastes different from normal water; given the subtlety of the difference, it is surprising and speaks to the exquisitely nuanced nature of taste receptors, that not only can they distinguish the small structural difference but can communicate that to the brain. An extraordinarily thorough paper. View in LinkedIn